What Is Adenine? Purine Base, Formula and Role in DNA and RNA

Adenin is a purine nucleobase, not an amino acid, protein, nucleoside or nucleotide. Public chemical records identify it as CAS 73-24-5, molecular formula C₅H₅N₅ and molecular weight about 135.13 g/mol. Adenine is represented by the letter A in DNA and RNA. When adenine is attached to ribose it forms the distinct nucleoside adenosine; adding phosphate group(s) produces adenosine nucleotides such as AMP, ADP and ATP.

Adenine identity at a glance

Kimlik referansları: NIST Kimya Web Kitabı, PubChem CID 190 ve EMBL-EBI ChEBI CHEBI:16708. These sources establish public identity and classification fields; they do not establish a current Longchang specification, purity, grade, lot result, inventory or suitability.

Is adenine a purine?

Yes. ChEBI classifies adenine as both a purine nucleobase and a member of the 6-aminopurines. Its fused purine ring contains a six-membered ring joined to a five-membered ring, with an amino group at carbon 6. This classification is why “adenine is a purine” is correct while “adenine is an amino acid” is not.

What is the role of adenine in DNA and RNA?

The U.S. National Human Genome Research Institute lists adenine among the four bases used in DNA and among the four bases used in RNA. In double-stranded DNA, adenine pairs with thymine. In RNA, uracil replaces thymine in the base set. This biological context refers to adenine as the base component of nucleotides within nucleic-acid polymers—not to a claim that free Adenine CAS 73-24-5 is a medicine, energy supplement or finished biological product.

Genome references: NHGRI DNA glossary, NHGRI RNA glossary ve NHGRI nucleotide glossary.

Adenine, adenosine and ATP are not the same substance

ChEBI defines adenosine as adenine attached to a ribofuranose moiety. That relationship does not make the two names interchangeable in a specification, analytical record or RFQ.

Why does the adenine formula contain no oxygen?

Free adenine has the formula C₅H₅N₅, so it contains carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen but no oxygen. Adenosine and adenine nucleotides contain oxygen because the ribose and phosphate components add oxygen atoms. A formula search must therefore be matched to the exact chemical entity rather than to the wider “adenine-containing molecule” family.

What does “Vitamin B4” mean?

NIST lists “Vitamin B4” among historical or alternative names associated with Adenine CAS 73-24-5. A legacy synonym is not, by itself, a current nutrition classification, health claim, permitted supplement claim or evidence that a supplied lot is suitable for food use. Use “Adenine” and CAS 73-24-5 as the controlled procurement identity.

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Sıkça sorulan sorular

Is adenine an amino acid?

No. Adenine is a purine nucleobase. Amino acids are a different class of compounds used as protein building blocks.

What is the molecular formula of adenine?

C₅H₅N₅. NIST reports molecular weight 135.1267, commonly rounded to 135.13 g/mol.

Is adenine the same as adenosine?

No. Adenosine is the nucleoside formed when adenine is attached to ribose.

Is an adenine analog the same as adenine?

No. An analog or derivative is a distinct chemical entity. Do not transfer a derivative’s efficacy, hazard, authorization or application claim to Adenine CAS 73-24-5.