Research on the Quality Characteristics of Pre Hu Cultivation Population Based on Chemical Pattern Analysis
The traditional Chinese medicine, Peucedanum Prasrupterum Dunn., is the dried root of the white flowered Peucedanum plant in the Umbelliferae family. It has the effects of reducing qi, resolving phlegm, and dispersing wind and heat. Clinically, it is commonly used for external wind heat, phlegm heat, wheezing cough, wind heat cough and other symptoms. Modern research has shown that the main pharmacological effects of Peucedanum praeruptorum are calcium channel blockade, blood pressure lowering, antiarrhythmic, asthma relief, anti-cancer, etc. Its main medicinal active ingredients are coumarin compounds such as Peucedanum praeruptorum methyl and Peucedanum praeruptorum ethyl. Traditional Chinese medicinal herbs mainly come from wild resources. With the development of the biopharmaceutical industry, the market demand for Chinese medicinal herbs has sharply increased. Wild medicinal herbs can no longer meet the existing market demand. In recent years, large-scale artificial cultivation has been carried out in Anhui, Chongqing and other places. At the same time as the increase in cultivated products, the quality of medicinal materials varies greatly, with most of the ingredients not meeting the standard, which affects the treatment effect.

In the process of research on cultivation techniques for improving the quality of Peucedanum praeruptorum, the project team investigated and found that there were great differences in the quality of cultivated products in different regions, and carried out a study on the characteristics of population quality. By collecting samples from the same cultivation area, the project team established an HPLC fingerprint, comprehensively evaluated the quality differences of Peucedanum praeruptorum by measuring the content of double index components, combining cluster analysis, PCA and other analysis methods, and analyzed the quality characteristics of its cultivation population, which is of great significance for the quality composition characteristics and resource utilization of Peucedanum praeruptorum, and at the same time provides a theoretical basis for the quality evaluation of the medicinal materials of Peucedanum praerupt.

In the study, the average contents of berberine A and berberine B in 18 individual plants were 1.15% and 0.24%, respectively, which basically met the requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. However, the content of the indicator components in the mixed sampling of the entire plot was 1.278% and 0.293%, respectively, which were higher than the average values of the indicator components in 18 individual plants. This indicates that the weight of the indicator component content in the mixed sample composition is relatively high in the excluded small plant samples. Song et al. speculated that the coumarin components of Peucedanum praeruptorum mainly exist in the secretion channels of the central column sheath wall tissue and secondary phloem. Meanwhile, Xie et al. found that the content of Peucedanum praeruptorum A and Peucedanum praeruptorum B was highest in the central column sheath wall tissue and secondary phloem. It is speculated that the individual type of the small plant sample has a higher content, or the accumulated content in the lateral roots or small roots is higher in the later stage of growth. It is necessary to conduct further detailed research on whether there is a large proportion of the middle column sheath wall tissue and secondary phloem tissue of the small plant and small roots, with multiple secretion channels, resulting in high coumarin content.

This study used HPLC technology to establish a chemical fingerprint spectrum of Peucedanum praeruptorum, obtaining six common characteristic peaks. Combined with chemometric methods, HCA, PCA, and OPLS analyses were performed, and it was found that 18 samples of Peucedanum praeruptorum were well distinguished and divided into four categories; Simultaneously obtaining two characteristic variables (peak 2 and peak 5) significantly affects the differentiation of the sample; And two characteristic variables were identified as Peucedanum praeruptorum A and Peucedanum praeruptorum B using standard controls. The results indicate that there is a wide range of variation between different plant types in the production of Peucedanum praeruptorum and Peucedanum praeruptorum. It is necessary to combine the correlation and stability of agronomic traits such as leaf stalk color, depth of leaf fissures, leaf area, root tuber traits, and individual plant yield with internal quality in parallel experiments in multiple production areas, analyze the weight of the corresponding individual plant quality composition and its genetic stability under different agronomic trait characteristics, and eliminate plants that have no value in contributing to the overall quality in the process of intercropping or breeding. This can improve the overall quality level of Peucedanum praeruptorum from the perspective of cultivation management, and also provide high-quality germplasm resources for variety breeding and improvement.

This study also found that in the experimental plants with high content of tetrahydropalmatine, the content of tetrahydropalmatine was lower; If the content of tetrahydropalmatine is low, the content of tetrahydropalmatine is relatively high; There is a negative correlation. During the project team’s origin investigation, it was found that most of the bases met the standards for tetrahydropalmatine and very few met the standards for tetrahydropalmatine. By analyzing the chemical structural formulas of Peucedanum praeruptorum A and Peucedanum praeruptorum B, it was found that they are both dihydrocoumarins of the internal lipid type in Sichuan pepper. The only difference lies in the 10th substituent of their coumarin mother ring, with A being acetyl and B being acyl; Modern synthetic techniques utilize cis kailin lactone as the parent nucleus to synthesize coumarin and its derivatives from Peucedanum praeruptorum. The project team speculates that whether there is a conversion relationship between pre Hu Jia Su and B Su, or whether B Su is converted to A Su under certain conditions, requires the project team to conduct corresponding research and make a reasonable evaluation.

At present, this study has only conducted research from the perspective of pharmacopoeial indicator components, and has not yet combined molecular markers and other methods to identify these germplasms. It is necessary to study the genetic diversity of Houttuynia cordata germplasm at the molecular level to accurately identify duplicate and similar germplasm and provide new basis for parental selection in genetic breeding, in order to better develop and utilize Houttuynia cordata germplasm resources, whether different germplasm types are affected by soil type, fertilizer type, altitude, climate conditions, etc.