Benzotrichloride (CAS 98-07-7), also known by its systematic name (Trichloromethyl)benzene ou α,α,α-Trichlorotoluene, is a highly reactive organochlorine compound with significant industrial applications. This comprehensive guide explores its chemical properties, uses, safety considerations, and industrial importance.

With the molecular formula C7H5Cl3 and a molecular weight of 195.47 g/mol, benzotrichloride appears as a colorless to almost colorless clear liquid. This compound serves as a crucial intermediate in various chemical syntheses, particularly in the production of dyes, agrochemicals, and pharmaceutical compounds.

What is Benzotrichloride?

Benzotrichloride is an aromatic organochlorine compound featuring a benzene ring substituted with a trichloromethyl group (-CCl3). This unique chemical structure gives benzotrichloride its distinctive reactivity, making it valuable as a chemical intermediate in numerous industrial processes.

The compound is also known by several synonyms, including benzyl trichloride, trichloromethylbenzene, and α,α,α-trichlorotoluene. It is typically produced through the chlorination of toluene or benzyl chloride under specific reaction conditions.

Key Properties

Benzotrichloride possesses several notable chemical and physical properties:

• High Reactivity: The trichloromethyl group makes benzotrichloride highly reactive, particularly in hydrolysis and chlorination reactions
• Solubilité : Soluble in organic solvents such as ether, benzene, and chloroform
• Point d'ébullition : Approximately 221-223°C at atmospheric pressure
• Densité : Approximately 1.38 g/cm³ at 20°C
• La pureté : Commercial grades typically exceed 99% purity

What Are the Benefits and Uses?

Dye Industry Applications

One of the primary industrial applications of benzotrichloride is in dye manufacturing. It serves as an essential intermediate for producing various types of dyes, particularly:

• Triphenylmethane dyes
• Azo dyes
• Anthraquinone dyes

The compound reactivity allows for the introduction of chlorine atoms into dye molecules, which can enhance color properties and stability.

Agrochemical Production

Benzotrichloride plays a crucial role in synthesizing agricultural chemicals:

• Herbicides
• Insecticides
• Plant growth regulators

Its ability to introduce chlorinated phenyl groups into molecular structures makes it valuable for developing crop protection agents.

Pharmaceutical Applications

In the pharmaceutical industry, benzotrichloride serves as an important building block for:

• Various active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs)
• Intermédiaires pharmaceutiques
• Research chemicals

The compound reactivity allows medicinal chemists to create diverse molecular structures with potential therapeutic properties.

Additifs pour polymères

Benzotrichloride is also used in producing polymer additives that enhance material properties such as flame resistance and chemical stability.

Sécurité et manipulation

IMPORTANT: Benzotrichloride is classified as a hazardous material and requires careful handling. Key safety considerations include:

Health Hazards

• Skin Irritation (H315): Causes skin irritation
• Serious Eye Damage (H318): Causes serious eye damage
• Carcinogenicity: Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence from animal studies
• Toxicité : Toxic if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through skin

Handling Precautions

• Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and face shield
• Work in a well-ventilated area or fume hood
• Avoid breathing vapors or mist
• Do not get on skin or in eyes
• Wash thoroughly after handling
• Store in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area

First Aid Measures

• Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and wash skin immediately with plenty of soap and water
• Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Seek immediate medical attention
• Inhalation: Move to fresh air. Seek medical attention if symptoms occur
• Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Seek immediate medical attention

Chemical Specifications

Property	Valeur
Numéro CAS	98-07-7
Formule moléculaire	C7H5Cl3
Poids moléculaire	195.47 g/mol
Synonymes	(Trichloromethyl)benzene, α,α,α-Trichlorotoluene, Benzyl trichloride
Apparence	Colorless to almost colorless clear liquid
La pureté	>99.0% (GC)
EC Number	202-634-5
Index Number	602-038-00-9
Classification	Harmful, Irritant, Dangerous for the Environment

Frequently Asked Questions

What is benzotrichloride used for?

Benzotrichloride is primarily used as a chemical intermediate in producing dyes, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and polymer additives. Its high reactivity makes it valuable for introducing chlorine atoms into various molecular structures.

Is benzotrichloride dangerous?

Yes, benzotrichloride is classified as hazardous. It causes skin irritation and serious eye damage, and is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. Proper safety equipment and handling procedures are essential when working with this compound.

What is the molecular formula of benzotrichloride?

The molecular formula of benzotrichloride is C7H5Cl3, with a molecular weight of 195.47 g/mol.

How should benzotrichloride be stored?

Benzotrichloride should be stored in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials. Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flames.

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