A.<\/strong><\/p>\nPektin, galakturonik asit kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 metoksi ve amid gruplar\u0131 gibi bir dizi grup taraf\u0131ndan esterle\u015ftirilme e\u011filiminde olan bir poligalakturonik asit polisakkarit s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131d\u0131r. Metoksilasyon olarak da bilinen esterle\u015fme derecesi, pektindeki metilasyon, asetilasyon ve amidasyon oranlar\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder.<\/p>\n
Asidik \u00e7\u00f6zeltide alkali \u00e7\u00f6zeltiden daha kararl\u0131d\u0131r ve genellikle esterle\u015fme derecesine g\u00f6re y\u00fcksek esterli pektin ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck esterli pektin olarak ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r.
\nDE 50%'den y\u00fcksek olan pektin genellikle y\u00fcksek esterli pektin olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve bunun tersi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck esterli pektin olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r (amidasyon derecesi >25% olan amidasyonlu pektin dahil).<\/p>\n
Y\u00fcksek esterli pektinler \u226560% \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr \u015feker ve pH = 2.6 ila 3.4 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcms\u00fcz jeller olu\u015fturur. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck esterli pektin k\u0131smen metil ester primer amide d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr, \u015feker ve asitten etkilenmez, ancak jel olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in kalsiyum ve magnezyum gibi iki de\u011ferlikli iyonlarla birle\u015ftirilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Q.<\/strong><\/p>\nUygulama Zorlu\u011fu \u00d6rne\u011fi: Lactobacillus i\u00e7ece\u011fi karars\u0131zd\u0131r<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klama: Konsantre bir laktik asit bakteri i\u00e7ece\u011fi \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in orijinal form\u00fcl, dengeleyici olarak soya fasulyesi polisakkariti eklemektir ve pektinin eklendikten sonra daha ferahlat\u0131c\u0131 bir tada sahip olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duydum, ancak denedikten sonra sonu\u00e7 daha da karars\u0131z ve \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde delamine olacak.<\/p>\n
A.<\/strong><\/p>\nReferans Y\u00f6nleri:<\/strong>
\n1) Y\u00fcksek ester pektine g\u00f6re, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ester pektin metoksi grubunun bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r, baz\u0131 metal iyonlar\u0131na (s\u00fctteki mineral iyonlar\u0131 gibi) biraz daha duyarl\u0131d\u0131r, bu nedenle s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmeyen madde olu\u015fturma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha y\u00fcksektir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck esterli pektin fermantasyona kar\u015f\u0131 diren\u00e7li de\u011fildir, fermantasyondan sonra durumun organizasyonu da daha k\u00f6t\u00fcd\u00fcr, bu nedenle s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde genellikle y\u00fcksek ya\u011fl\u0131 pektin kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n2) Y\u00fck \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 flok\u00fclasyon sorunu
\nSoya fasulyesi polisakkariti esas olarak soya proteini i\u015fleme veya tofu, fasulye loru ve soya fasulyesi kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 lifinin yan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini ana hammadde olarak i\u015fleyen, \u00f6n i\u015flem, enzimatik sindirim (sel\u00fclaz, hemisel\u00fclaz, proteaz vb.), ay\u0131rma, renk giderme, sterilizasyon, kurutma ve di\u011fer i\u015flemlerle rafine edilen di\u011fer soya fasulyesi \u00fcr\u00fcnleridir.<\/p>\n
Soya fasulyesi polisakkaridi, amfoterik maddelere ait protein bile\u015fenleri i\u00e7erir, konsantre laktik asit bakteri i\u00e7ece\u011fi, tad\u0131 asidik mi? O zaman i\u00e7ece\u011fin PH'\u0131 proteinin izoelektrik noktas\u0131ndan daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr, soya fasulyesi polisakkariti pozitif y\u00fckl\u00fcd\u00fcr, pektin negatif y\u00fckl\u00fc kolloide aittir, ikisinin kombinasyonu flok\u00fclasyon ve \u00e7\u00f6kelme gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnecektir.<\/p>\n
(3) \u015eeker \u00e7\u00f6zeltisinin PH de\u011ferini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurun, kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmadan \u00f6nce \u015feker \u00e7\u00f6zeltisinin PH de\u011feri 5'ten fazla olmamal\u0131d\u0131r, aksi takdirde pektinin bozulmas\u0131 kolayd\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Y\u00fcksek esterli pektin ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck esterli pektin aras\u0131ndaki fark A. Pektin, galakturonik asit kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 metoksi ve amid gruplar\u0131 gibi bir dizi grup taraf\u0131ndan esterle\u015ftirilme e\u011filiminde olan bir poligalakturonik asit polisakkarit s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131d\u0131r. Metoksilasyon olarak da bilinen esterle\u015fme derecesi, metilasyon, asetilasyon oranlar\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n
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