{"id":8870,"date":"2024-08-15T08:31:46","date_gmt":"2024-08-15T08:31:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/?p=8870"},"modified":"2024-08-15T08:31:46","modified_gmt":"2024-08-15T08:31:46","slug":"sodium-carboxymethyl-cellulose","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/tr\/sodyum-karboksimetil-seluloz\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u0131da katk\u0131 maddelerinden sodyum karboksimetil sel\u00fcloz nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Sel\u00fcloz sak\u0131z\u0131 olarak da bilinen sel\u00fclozun karboksimetillenmi\u015f bir t\u00fcrevi olan sodyum karboksimetil sel\u00fcloz (CMC), en bask\u0131n iyonik sel\u00fcloz sak\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>CMC genellikle do\u011fal sel\u00fclozun kostik soda ve monokloroasetik asit ile reaksiyona sokulmas\u0131yla elde edilen anyonik bir polimer bile\u015fi\u011fidir ve bile\u015fi\u011fin molek\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 birka\u00e7 bin ila bir milyon aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. Molek\u00fcl\u00fcn birim yap\u0131s\u0131 \u015eekil 1'de g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir.<br \/>\nCMC do\u011fal sel\u00fclozun modifikasyonuna aittir ve \u015fimdi Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler G\u0131da ve Tar\u0131m \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (FAO) ve D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (WHO) onu resmi olarak \"modifiye sel\u00fcloz\" olarak adland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sodyum karboksimetil sel\u00fclozun sentez y\u00f6ntemi 1918 y\u0131l\u0131nda Alman E. Jansen taraf\u0131ndan icat edilmi\u015f ve 1921 y\u0131l\u0131nda patenti al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olup, o tarihten bu yana Avrupa'da ticari olarak \u00fcretilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>CMC sadece kolloid ve ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan ham bir \u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fc. 1936-1941, sodyum karboksimetil sel\u00fcloz end\u00fcstriyel uygulama ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 olduk\u00e7a aktiftir, \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a ilham verici birka\u00e7 patent yay\u0131nlad\u0131, Almanya sentetik deterjanlarda yeniden \u00e7\u00f6kelmeyi \u00f6nleyici bir ajan olarak ve baz\u0131 do\u011fal sak\u0131zlar\u0131n (jelatin, arap zamk\u0131 gibi) yerine kullan\u0131lacak, b\u00f6ylece CMC end\u00fcstrisi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde geli\u015ftirildi. CMC end\u00fcstrisi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde geli\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Amerikan Hercules \u015eirketi 1943 y\u0131l\u0131nda CMC'nin end\u00fcstriyel \u00fcretimine ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve 1946 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00fcvenli bir g\u0131da katk\u0131 maddesi olarak kabul edilen rafine sodyum karboksimetil sel\u00fcloz \u00fcretmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>CMC, koyula\u015ft\u0131rma, yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, film olu\u015fturma, su tutma, em\u00fclsifikasyon, s\u00fcspansiyon vb. gibi bir\u00e7ok \u00f6zel \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahiptir ve toksik olmayan, kokusuz, fermente edilmesi kolay olmayan, iyi termal stabilite ve di\u011fer \u00f6zellikleri petrol, jeoloji, g\u00fcnl\u00fck kimyasallar, g\u0131da, ila\u00e7 ve \"end\u00fcstriyel monosodyum glutamat\" olarak bilinen di\u011fer end\u00fcstrilerde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>CMC'nin Yap\u0131sal \u00d6zellikleri<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>CMC beyaz veya sar\u0131ms\u0131 toz, gran\u00fcl veya lifli kat\u0131d\u0131r, bir t\u00fcr makromolek\u00fcler kimyasal maddedir, suyu emebilir ve \u015fi\u015febilir, suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u015feffaf viskoz jel olu\u015fturabilir ve su s\u00fcspansiyonunun pH de\u011feri 6.5-8.5'tir, etanol, eter, aseton ve kloroform gibi organik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fclerde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmez. Kat\u0131 CMC iyi termal stabiliteye sahiptir ve petrol ve jeoloji end\u00fcstrilerinde, g\u0131da ve kimya end\u00fcstrilerinde ve ila\u00e7 end\u00fcstrilerinde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Kat\u0131 CMC \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa ve oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 daha stabildir ve kuru bir ortamda uzun s\u00fcre saklanabilir.CMC, genellikle k\u0131sa pamuk tifti\u011finden (sel\u00fcloz i\u00e7eri\u011fi 98%'ye kadar) veya odun hamurundan yap\u0131lan ve daha sonra sodyum hidroksit ile muameleden sonra sodyum monokloroasetat ile reaksiyona giren bir t\u00fcr sel\u00fcloz eterdir ve bile\u015fi\u011fin molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 6400'd\u00fcr (\u00b1 1000). Genellikle iki haz\u0131rlama y\u00f6ntemi vard\u0131r: hidrok\u00f6m\u00fcr y\u00f6ntemi ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc y\u00f6ntemi. CMC haz\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in di\u011fer bitki lifleri de kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fonksiyonel \u00f6zellikler ve uygulamalar<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>CMC, g\u0131da uygulamalar\u0131nda sadece iyi bir em\u00fclsiyon stabilizat\u00f6r\u00fc ve k\u0131vam artt\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olmakla kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda m\u00fckemmel donma ve erime stabilitesine sahiptir ve \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn lezzetini art\u0131rabilir ve saklama s\u00fcresini uzatabilir.<\/p>\n<p>1974 y\u0131l\u0131nda Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler G\u0131da ve Tar\u0131m \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (FAO) ve D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (WHO), titiz biyolojik ve toksikolojik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ve testlerden sonra saf CMC'nin g\u0131dalarda kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 onaylam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve uluslararas\u0131 standard\u0131n g\u00fcvenli al\u0131m miktar\u0131 (ADI) 25mg\/kg v\u00fccut a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131\/g\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Kal\u0131nla\u015fma ve em\u00fclsifikasyon kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><br \/>\nCMC t\u00fcketimi, ya\u011fl\u0131 proteinler i\u00e7eren i\u00e7ecekler \u00fczerinde em\u00fclsiyon stabilize edici bir etkiye sahip olabilir. Bunun nedeni, suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen CMC'nin \u015feffaf ve stabil bir kolloid haline gelmesi, kolloid membrandaki protein partik\u00fcllerinin ayn\u0131 y\u00fcke sahip partik\u00fcllerin korumas\u0131 alt\u0131nda olmas\u0131, protein partik\u00fcllerini stabil bir duruma getirebilmesidir. Ayr\u0131ca belirli bir em\u00fclsifiye edici etkiye sahiptir, bu nedenle ayn\u0131 zamanda ya\u011f ve su aras\u0131ndaki y\u00fczey gerilimini azaltabilir, b\u00f6ylece ya\u011f tamamen em\u00fclsifiye edilir.<\/p>\n<p>CMC \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn stabilitesini art\u0131rabilir, bunun nedeni \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn pH de\u011feri proteinin izoelektrik noktas\u0131ndan sapt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, sodyum karboksimetilsel\u00fclozun protein ile kompozit bir yap\u0131 olu\u015fturabilmesi ve bu yap\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn stabilitesini art\u0131rabilmesidir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u015ei\u015fkinli\u011fi iyile\u015ftirin<\/strong><br \/>\nDondurmada kullan\u0131lan CMC, dondurman\u0131n genle\u015fmesini art\u0131rabilir, erime h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rabilir, iyi bir \u015fekil ve tat verebilir ve ta\u015f\u0131ma ve depolama s\u0131ras\u0131nda buz kristallerinin boyutunu ve b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini kontrol edebilir, toplam miktara g\u00f6re kullan\u0131m miktar\u0131 0.5% oran eklendi.<\/p>\n<p>Bunun nedeni CMC'nin iyi su tutma, da\u011f\u0131lma, kolloiddeki protein partik\u00fclleri, ya\u011f toplar\u0131, su molek\u00fcllerinin organik olarak birle\u015ferek d\u00fczg\u00fcn ve kararl\u0131 bir sistem olu\u015fturmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Hidrofiliklik ve rehidrasyon<\/strong><br \/>\nCMC'nin bu i\u015flevsel \u00f6zelli\u011fi genellikle ekmek \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131l\u0131r, bu da pete\u011fi tekd\u00fcze hale getirebilir, hacmi art\u0131rabilir, tortular\u0131 azaltabilir ve ayn\u0131 zamanda \u0131s\u0131 koruma i\u015flevine de sahiptir; iyi su tutma kapasitesi, ha\u015flanma direnci ve iyi tad\u0131 olan CMC eri\u015fteleri ekleyin.<\/p>\n<p>Bu, CMC'nin molek\u00fcler yap\u0131s\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan belirlenir, bir sel\u00fcloz t\u00fcrevidir, molek\u00fcler zincirde \u00e7ok say\u0131da hidrofilik grup vard\u0131r: -OH grubu, -COONa grubu, bu nedenle CMC, sel\u00fclozdan daha iyi bir hidrofilikli\u011fe ve su tutma \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahiptir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Jelle\u015fme<\/strong><br \/>\nTiksotropik CMC, makromolek\u00fcler zincirin belirli say\u0131da etkile\u015fime sahip oldu\u011funu, \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu bir yap\u0131 olu\u015fturma e\u011filiminde oldu\u011funu, \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu yap\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131ndan sonra \u00e7\u00f6zelti viskozite performans\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu yap\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra viskozite performans\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, tiksotropik fenomenin zamana ba\u011fl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr viskozite de\u011fi\u015fimi oldu\u011funu ifade eder. Tiksotropili CMC jelle\u015fme sisteminde \u00f6nemli bir role sahiptir, j\u00f6le, re\u00e7el ve di\u011fer g\u0131dalar\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. Berrakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ajan, k\u00f6p\u00fck stabilizat\u00f6r\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131labilir ve tad\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131r.<\/strong><br \/>\nCMC, alkol \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131labilir, b\u00f6ylece tad\u0131 daha yumu\u015fak, zengin, uzun tat b\u0131rak\u0131r; bira \u00fcretiminde k\u00f6p\u00fck stabilizat\u00f6r\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131labilir, b\u00f6ylece k\u00f6p\u00fck zengin ve uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olur, tad\u0131 iyile\u015ftirir.<\/p>\n<p>CMC, \u015farapta \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015farap g\u00f6vdesi t\u00fcrlerinin dengesini koruma reaksiyonuna dahil olabilen bir t\u00fcr polielektrolittir ve ayn\u0131 zamanda halihaz\u0131rda olu\u015fmu\u015f kristallerle birle\u015ferek kristallerin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirir, b\u00f6ylece kristallerin \u015farapta var olma ko\u015fullar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fir ve \u00e7\u00f6keltilerin toplanmas\u0131na neden olur.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sel\u00fcloz sak\u0131z\u0131 olarak da bilinen sel\u00fclozun karboksimetillenmi\u015f bir t\u00fcrevi olan sodyum karboksimetil sel\u00fcloz (CMC) en bask\u0131n iyonik sel\u00fcloz sak\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r. CMC genellikle do\u011fal sel\u00fclozun kostik soda ve monokloroasetik asit ile reaksiyona sokulmas\u0131yla elde edilen anyonik bir polimer bile\u015fi\u011fidir ve bile\u015fi\u011fin molek\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 birka\u00e7 bin ila bir milyon aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose of food additives? - China Chemical Manufacturer<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/tr\/sodyum-karboksimetil-seluloz\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose of food additives? - China Chemical Manufacturer\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sodium carboxyme thyl cellulose (CMC), a carboxymethylated derivative of cellulose, also known as cellulose gum, is the most dominant ionic cellulose gum. 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CMC is usually an anionic polymer compound made by reacting natural cellulose with caustic soda and monochloroacetic acid, and the molecular weight of the compound ranges from a few thousand to a million. 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