{"id":7321,"date":"2024-08-06T19:26:38","date_gmt":"2024-08-06T19:26:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/?p=7321"},"modified":"2024-08-06T19:26:38","modified_gmt":"2024-08-06T19:26:38","slug":"three-hundred-rods","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/tr\/three-hundred-rods\/","title":{"rendered":"PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR yola\u011f\u0131na dayal\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz \u00e7ubuk, lipopolisakkarit kaynakl\u0131 otofajiyi te\u015fvik eder ve RAW264.7 h\u00fccrelerinde enflamasyonu engeller"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR yola\u011f\u0131na dayal\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz \u00e7ubuk, lipopolisakkarit kaynakl\u0131 otofajiyi te\u015fvik eder ve RAW264.7 h\u00fccrelerinde enflamasyonu engeller<br \/>\nLipopolisakkarit (LPS), Gram negatif bakteriler taraf\u0131ndan sal\u0131nan bir endotoksindir ve insan v\u00fccudundaki Gram negatif bakteriyel enfeksiyonlar\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu bakteriyel toksisitede imm\u00fcn inflamatuar yan\u0131tlar\u0131 uyarabilir. Makrofajlar genellikle enflamatuar yan\u0131tlara ve fagositoza kat\u0131l\u0131r ve LPS ile muamele edilmi\u015f makrofaj hatt\u0131 RAW 264.7, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccresi enflamatuar yan\u0131tlar\u0131 i\u00e7in yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan bir h\u00fccre modelidir. Otofaji, sitoplazmik i\u00e7eriklerin otofagozomlar taraf\u0131ndan lizozomlara ta\u015f\u0131narak h\u00fccresel homeostaz\u0131n korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kapsaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde par\u00e7aland\u0131\u011f\u0131 katabolik bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. Otofaji, \u00f6nemli bir h\u00fccresel mekanizma olarak, otoimm\u00fcn hastal\u0131klar, enflamatuar hastal\u0131klar ve t\u00fcm\u00f6rler gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli hastal\u0131klar\u0131n olu\u015fumunda ve geli\u015fiminde rol oynar. Enflamatuar yan\u0131t, v\u00fccut dokular\u0131n\u0131n bir t\u00fcr ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k savunma i\u015flevidir. Il\u0131ml\u0131 inflamatuar yan\u0131t v\u00fccut hasar\u0131n\u0131n onar\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur, ancak a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 inflamatuar yan\u0131t v\u00fccutta olumsuz reaksiyonlara yol a\u00e7arak organlar\u0131n, dokular\u0131n ve h\u00fccrelerin dejenerasyonuna ve nekrozuna neden olabilir ve hatta ya\u015fam\u0131 tehlikeye atabilir. Bir\u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma otofaji ve enflamasyon aras\u0131nda \u00e7ift y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir ileti\u015fim oldu\u011funu ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Il\u0131ml\u0131 otofaji enflamatuar yan\u0131t\u0131 zay\u0131flatabilir, ancak a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 otofaji enflamatuar yan\u0131t\u0131 \u015fiddetlendirebilir. \u00c7oklu ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k arac\u0131lar\u0131 otofajiyi ind\u00fckleyebilir veya inhibe edebilir, ancak homeostaz\u0131n\u0131n restorasyonu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde otofajiye dayan\u0131r. Bu nedenle, otofajinin enflamasyon \u00fczerindeki d\u00fczenleyici mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n tam olarak anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, enflamatuar ve otoimm\u00fcn hastal\u0131klar\u0131 etkili bir \u015fekilde tedavi edebilir.<br \/>\n\u00dc\u00e7 y\u00fcz \u00e7ubuk, Rutaceae familyas\u0131ndan bir bitki olan Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam'\u0131n k\u00f6k\u00fcnden elde edilir. \"Tujia T\u0131bbi Kay\u0131tlar\u0131\", \"r\u00fczgar ve rutubeti giderme, kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik etme ve tendonlar\u0131 rahatlatma, \u015fi\u015fli\u011fi azaltma ve a\u011fr\u0131y\u0131 hafifletme\" etkilerini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a kaydetmektedir. Kimyasal bile\u015fim \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 Sanbai \u00e7ubu\u011funun ana kimyasal bile\u015fenlerinin alkaloidler ve kumarinler oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Modern farmakolojik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, Sanbai \u00e7ubu\u011fu \u00f6z\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn anti romatizmal, anti-inflamatuar, anti-t\u00fcm\u00f6r ve di\u011fer etkilere sahip oldu\u011funu do\u011frulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6n deneysel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131m\u0131z Sanbai \u00e7ubu\u011funun fosfatidilinositol 3-kinaz\/protein kinaz B\/mammalian rapamycin hedef proteini (PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR) sinyal yolu arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla otofaji ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 engelleyebildi\u011fini ve b\u00f6ylece fibroblast h\u00fccre hatt\u0131 MH7A'n\u0131n proliferasyonunu inhibe etti\u011fini ve apoptozunu ind\u00fckledi\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte, Toddalia asiatica alkol ekstrakt\u0131n\u0131n (TAAE) otofajideki rol\u00fc hala olgunla\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, TAAE'nin otofajiyi konsantrasyona ba\u011fl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde tetikledi\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. TAAE'nin PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR yolu arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla RAW 264.7 makrofajlar\u0131n\u0131n otofajisinde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynay\u0131p oynamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 daha fazla do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in, bu deneyde TAAE'nin otofaji ve RAW 264.7 h\u00fccrelerinin ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k fonksiyonu \u00fczerindeki etkilerini ara\u015ft\u0131rmak ve TAAE'nin do\u011fu\u015ftan gelen ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkisini d\u00fczenlemesinin molek\u00fcler mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetmek i\u00e7in bir model olarak LPS ile uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f RAW 264.7 h\u00fccreleri kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7322\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1-295.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"781\" height=\"261\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1-295.png 781w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1-295-768x257.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 781px) 100vw, 781px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7323\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/2-248.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"782\" height=\"281\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/2-248.png 782w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/2-248-768x276.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 782px) 100vw, 782px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7324\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/3-233.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"779\" height=\"285\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/3-233.png 779w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/3-233-768x281.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 779px) 100vw, 779px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7325\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/4-212.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"779\" height=\"325\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/4-212.png 779w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/4-212-768x320.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 779px) 100vw, 779px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7326\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/5-191.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"784\" height=\"261\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/5-191.png 784w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/5-191-768x256.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 784px) 100vw, 784px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7327\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/6-175.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"784\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/6-175.png 784w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/6-175-768x539.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 784px) 100vw, 784px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7328\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/7-160.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"782\" height=\"254\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/7-160.png 782w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/7-160-768x249.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 782px) 100vw, 782px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7329\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/8-145.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"781\" height=\"302\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/8-145.png 781w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/8-145-768x297.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 781px) 100vw, 781px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7330\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/9-137.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"779\" height=\"313\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/9-137.png 779w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/9-137-768x309.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 779px) 100vw, 779px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7331\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/10-107.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"782\" height=\"231\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/10-107.png 782w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/10-107-768x227.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 782px) 100vw, 782px\" \/><br \/>\nMakrofajlar insan v\u00fccudundaki \u00f6nemli ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccrelerinden biridir. \u0130nsan dokular\u0131n\u0131 ve kan\u0131n\u0131 istila eden patojenlere kar\u015f\u0131 stres durumlar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zla aktive ederek bir dizi enflamatuar reaksiyona yol a\u00e7abilirler. Enflamasyonun olu\u015fumu ve geli\u015fimi ile yak\u0131ndan ili\u015fkili \u00f6nemli do\u011fu\u015ftan gelen ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k h\u00fccreleridir. Enflamasyon, d\u0131\u015f yaralanma veya enfeksiyona maruz kal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin \u00e7e\u015fitli fiziksel reaksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu karma\u015f\u0131k bir patolojik reaksiyondur. N\u00f6rodejeneratif hastal\u0131klar, romatoid artrit, arterioskleroz gibi bir\u00e7ok kronik hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n patofizyolojisinin \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, TAAE'nin Toll benzeri resept\u00f6r 4\/n\u00fckleer fakt\u00f6r - \u03ba B (TLR4\/NF - \u03ba B) yolunu inhibe edebildi\u011fini, b\u00f6ylece s\u0131\u00e7anlar\u0131n sinovyumunda (CIA) kolajen kaynakl\u0131 enflamatuar sitokinlerin interl\u00f6kin-1 \u03b2 (IL-1 \u03b2) ve t\u00fcm\u00f6r nekroz fakt\u00f6r\u00fc - \u03b1 (TNF - \u03b1) ekspresyonunu azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, romatoid artrit sinovitini inhibe etti\u011fini ve romatoid artritin ilerlemesini bask\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bulmu\u015ftur. TAAE ayr\u0131ca NF - \u03ba B'nin n\u00fckleer giri\u015fini inhibe edebilir, b\u00f6ylece enflamatuar fakt\u00f6rlerin sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bast\u0131r\u0131r ve sinovyal proliferasyonu inhibe eder. Yang ve arkada\u015flar\u0131, 300 \u00e7ubuktan elde edilen etanol ekstrakt\u0131n\u0131n ve etil asetat ekstrakt\u0131n\u0131n CIA s\u0131\u00e7an modellerinde eklem \u015fi\u015fmesini \u00f6nleyebildi\u011fini, TNF - \u03b1, IL-1 \u03b2 ve interl\u00f6kin-6 (IL-6) gibi pro-enflamatuar fakt\u00f6rleri azaltabildi\u011fini ve serumda imm\u00fcnosupresif fakt\u00f6r interl\u00f6kin-10 (IL-10) ekspresyonunu art\u0131rabildi\u011fini bulmu\u015ftur. Yukar\u0131dakilerin t\u00fcm\u00fc, \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz \u00e7ubu\u011fun m\u00fckemmel anti-enflamatuar ve anti romatizmal etkilerini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Otofaji, \u00f6karyotik h\u00fccrelerin otofaji ile ilgili genlerin d\u00fczenlemesi alt\u0131nda kendi sitoplazmik proteinlerini ve hasarl\u0131 organellerini bozmak i\u00e7in lizozomlar\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, istilac\u0131 patojen mikroorganizmalar\u0131, hasarl\u0131 organelleri ve anormal \u015fekilde birikmi\u015f proteinleri bozarak h\u00fccre kalite kontrol\u00fc, metabolizma ve do\u011fu\u015ftan gelen ve uyarlanabilir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k gibi biyolojik s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynayabilir. Bir\u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma otofajinin enflamasyon \u00fczerinde \u00e7ift y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir etkisi oldu\u011funu do\u011frulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: bir yandan otofaji, enflamatuar protein agregatlar\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rarak ve doku hasar\u0131na neden olan pro-enflamatuar sitokinleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 do\u011fru d\u00fczenleyerek enflamatuar tepkilere kar\u015f\u0131 koyabilir; di\u011fer yandan otofaji enflamazomlar\u0131 aktive ederek b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda enflamatuar fakt\u00f6r \u00fcretir ve b\u00f6ylece enflamatuar s\u00fcreci h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k ve inflamasyonun olumlu ve olumsuz y\u00f6nlerini dengeledikten sonra otofaji, enfeksiyon, otoimm\u00fcnite ve inflamasyonun koruyucusu olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Mikrot\u00fcb\u00fcl ili\u015fkili protein hafif zincir 3-II (LC3-II), otofajinin ay\u0131rt edici bir proteinidir. Otofaji s\u0131ras\u0131nda LC3-I, LC3-II'yi olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in Atg5-Atg12-Atg16 kompleksinin yard\u0131m\u0131yla bir fosfatidiletanol molek\u00fcl\u00fcne ba\u011flan\u0131r. P62, otofajik y\u0131k\u0131m i\u00e7in bir substratt\u0131r ve y\u0131k\u0131lan substratlar\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131nda ve kaps\u00fcllenmesinde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir rol oynar. Beclin1 memeli h\u00fccrelerinde a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 eksprese edildi\u011finde, h\u00fccresel otofajiyi te\u015fvik eder. Bu nedenle, LC3, Beclin1, P62 ve Atg5 otofaji i\u00e7in i\u015faretleyici proteinler olarak hizmet edebilir. TAAE taraf\u0131ndan sergilenen anti-enflamatuar etkinin otofaji ile ili\u015fkili olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada otofaji ile ili\u015fkili proteinler P62, Beclin1, Atg5 ve LC3'\u00fcn yan\u0131 s\u0131ra enflamasyonla ili\u015fkili proteinler TNF - \u03b1, IL-6 ve siklooksijenaz-2'nin (COX-2) protein ekspresyonunu tespit etmek i\u00e7in Western blot kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Deneysel sonu\u00e7lar, TAAE m\u00fcdahalesinden sonra Beclin1, Atg5 ve LC3-II\/LC3- protein ekspresyon seviyelerinin kademeli olarak artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, substrat P62 proteininin ekspresyon seviyesinin kademeli olarak azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve enflamasyonla ilgili proteinlerin ekspresyonunun da azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Otofagozomlar\u0131 etiketlemek i\u00e7in MDC y\u00f6nteminin ve otofagozomlar\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlemek i\u00e7in transmisyon elektron mikroskobunun kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 deneysel sonu\u00e7lar da TAAE'nin RAW 264.7 h\u00fccrelerinde otofajiyi te\u015fvik etti\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Otofajinin enflamasyon \u00fczerindeki etkisini daha fazla g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in, PI3K sinyal yolunun spesifik bir inhibit\u00f6r\u00fc olan otofaji inhibit\u00f6r\u00fc 3-MA, makrofaj otofajisini kontrol etmek, otofajik \u015felasyonu ve protein y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7lar, otofaji inhibit\u00f6r\u00fc 3-MA'n\u0131n TAAE'nin enflamatuar sitokinler \u00fczerindeki inhibit\u00f6r etkisini zay\u0131flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterirken, TAAE m\u00fcdahalesinin enflamatuar modelde TNF - \u03b1 ve IL-6 sitokinlerinin salg\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 etkili bir \u015fekilde azaltabildi\u011fini ve TAAE'nin RAW 264.7 h\u00fccrelerinde otofajiyi te\u015fvik ederek anti-enflamatuar etkiler g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini bir kez daha ortaya koymu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR sinyal yolu, otofaji reg\u00fclasyonunda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynar ve PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR yolu inhibe edildi\u011finde otofaji seviyeleri artar. MTOR, rapamisinin memeli hedefidir ve otofaji yan\u0131t\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir d\u00fczenleyici rol oynar ve otofajinin \u00f6nemli bir negatif d\u00fczenleyici ekseni olarak hizmet eder. Bir\u00e7ok do\u011fal \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR arac\u0131l\u0131 otofajiyi hedef alarak inflamasyon ve otoimm\u00fcn hastal\u0131klar\u0131 engelledi\u011fi g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6nceki deneyler, TAAE'nin PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR sinyal yolu arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla otofajik ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 engelleyebildi\u011fini ve MH7A h\u00fccrelerinin apoptozunu te\u015fvik edebildi\u011fini do\u011frulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR sinyal yolu Western blotlama ile do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f ve deneysel veriler TAAE'nin fosforile PI3K, AKT ve mTOR ekspresyon seviyelerini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir; bu da TAAE'nin PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR yolunu inhibe ederek otofajiyi tetikledi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. PI3K agonistinin (740Y-P) e\u015f zamanl\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131 da TAAE'nin PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR sinyal yolunu inhibe ederek otofajiyi tetikledi\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca, PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR sinyal yolu do\u011frudan enflamasyon ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k ile ili\u015fkilidir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, TAAE tedavisinin LPS ile ind\u00fcklenen RAW 264.7 h\u00fccrelerinde pro-enflamatuar sitokin seviyelerini azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmu\u015ftur. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, RAW 264.7 h\u00fccrelerinin LPS ile ind\u00fcklenen enflamatuar ortam\u0131nda, TAAE'nin otofaji ile ilgili PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR yolunu inhibe etti\u011fini, otofaji ile ilgili proteinleri ve enflamatuar fakt\u00f6rleri d\u00fczenledi\u011fini, otofagozom lizozom f\u00fczyonunu ve degradasyonunu te\u015fvik etti\u011fini, enflamatuar h\u00fccrelerin homeostaz\u0131n\u0131 etkiledi\u011fini, enflamatuar yan\u0131tlar\u0131 inhibe etti\u011fini ve b\u00f6ylece anti-enflamatuar etkiler g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR'un TAAE'nin anti-enflamatuar etkiler g\u00f6stermesi ve otofajik aktiviteyi art\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in etkili bir yol oldu\u011funu, bunun da enflamasyonla ilgili otoimm\u00fcn ve metabolik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n klinik tedavisi i\u00e7in yeni fikirler sa\u011flayabilece\u011fini ve daha derinlemesine ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya de\u011fer oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Three hundred rods based on PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR pathway promote lipopolysaccharide induced autophagy and inhibit inflammation in RAW264.7 cells Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin released by Gram negative bacteria, which can stimulate immune inflammatory responses in bacterial toxicity caused by Gram negative bacterial infections in the human body. Macrophages often participate in inflammatory responses and phagocytosis, and [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Three hundred rods based on PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR pathway promote lipopolysaccharide induced autophagy and inhibit inflammation in RAW264.7 cells - China Chemical Manufacturer<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/tr\/three-hundred-rods\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Three hundred rods based on PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR pathway promote lipopolysaccharide induced autophagy and inhibit inflammation in RAW264.7 cells - China Chemical Manufacturer\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Three hundred rods based on PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR pathway promote lipopolysaccharide induced autophagy and inhibit inflammation in RAW264.7 cells Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin released by Gram negative bacteria, which can stimulate immune inflammatory responses in bacterial toxicity caused by Gram negative bacterial infections in the human body. 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