{"id":5870,"date":"2024-08-05T13:35:44","date_gmt":"2024-08-05T13:35:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/?p=5870"},"modified":"2024-08-05T13:35:44","modified_gmt":"2024-08-05T13:35:44","slug":"postbiotics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/tr\/postbiotics\/","title":{"rendered":"Postbiyotiklerin gelece\u011fi ve g\u0131da ve i\u00e7ecek sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki uygulamalar\u0131 nelerdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Probiyotikler, prebiyotikler ve postbiyotikler aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

FAO\/WHO (2001) tan\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re, probi\u0307yoti\u0307kler, yeterli\u0307 mi\u0307ktarda alindiklarinda konak\u00e7i i\u0307\u00e7i\u0307n sa\u011flik yararlari \u00fcreten akti\u0307f mi\u0307kroorgani\u0307zmalardir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu tan\u0131m probiyotiklerin \"canl\u0131\" olma \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgularken, son \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar inaktive veya inaktif probiyotiklerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra metabolik yan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin de konak\u00e7\u0131ya sa\u011fl\u0131k yararlar\u0131 sa\u011flayabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

May\u0131s 2021'de, Uluslararas\u0131 Probiyotik ve Prebiyotik Bilimsel Birli\u011fi (ISAPP) postbiyotiklerle ilgili bir fikir birli\u011fi bildirisi yay\u0131nlad\u0131: Postbiyotikler, konak\u00e7\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in faydal\u0131 olan cans\u0131z mikroorganizmalar ve\/veya bile\u015fenlerinden olu\u015fan preparatlard\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu nedenle, metabolitler, biyojenik veya h\u00fccresiz s\u00fcpernatantlar olarak da bilinen postbiyotikler, \"canl\u0131 bakteriler taraf\u0131ndan salg\u0131lanan veya bakteriyel lizis ile sal\u0131nan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnebilir fakt\u00f6rlerdir\". Bu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnebilir fakt\u00f6rler k\u0131sa zincirli ya\u011f asitleri, mikrobiyal fraksiyonlar, fonksiyonel proteinler\/enzimler, h\u00fccre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 polisakkaritler, h\u00fccre lizatlar\u0131, h\u00fccre duvar\u0131 peptidleri (fosfoglikolik asit, lipofosfoglikolik asit, peptidoglikan vb.)<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan prebiyotikler, konak\u00e7\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan sindirilmeyen ve konak\u00e7\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kolondaki bir veya daha fazla yerle\u015fik bakterinin aktivitesini veya b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini ve \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7ici olarak uyaran g\u0131da bile\u015fenleri veya preparatlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong> Yayg\u0131n prebiyotikler \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir: in\u00fclin tipi fruktanlar, oligogalaktanlar, oligosakkaritler, soya fasulyesi oligosakkaritleri, oligolaktofruktoz ve oligoizomaltoz.<\/p>\n

Prebiyotikler, prebiyotikler ve postbiyotikler aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi basit\u00e7e a\u00e7\u0131klamak gerekirse: prebiyotikler probiyotiklerin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini te\u015fvik eder ve probiyotikler metabolize olarak postbiyotik \u00fcretir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, postbiyotikler prebiyotiklerin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik eder. Probiyotikler \"g\u0131da\" gibidir, probiyotikler mikroorganizmalar\u0131n kendisidir ve postbiyotikler probiyotiklerin \"g\u0131da\" t\u00fcketmesinin sonucudur.<\/p>\n

\u015eu anda mikrobiyomu d\u00fczenlemenin 3 yolu vard\u0131r: probiyotikler, prebiyotikler ve postbiyotikler, fonksiyonel g\u0131dalar sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde b\u00fcy\u00fcme i\u00e7in potansiyel f\u0131rsatlar sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Postbiyotikler sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l destekleyebilir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Postbiyotikler yepyeni bir aland\u0131r ve uygulamas\u0131na ili\u015fkin ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar hen\u00fcz yeni ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f olsa da, bilimsel veriler postbiyotiklerin imm\u00fcnomod\u00fclasyon, alerji iyile\u015ftirme, gastrointestinal d\u00fczenleme, antioksidan etkiler ve inflamasyonun azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 dahil ancak bunlarla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmamak \u00fczere farkl\u0131 i\u015flevsel \u00f6zelliklere sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Postbiyotikler son y\u0131llarda ba\u011f\u0131rsak mikroekosistemine m\u00fcdahale etmenin yeni bir yolu olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7e\u015fitli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ba\u011f\u0131rsak mikrobiyotas\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 zamanda dopamin, serotonin ve norepinefrin gibi ruh sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmede rol oynayan n\u00f6rotransmiterler \u00fcretti\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. B\u00fctirat, ba\u011f\u0131rsak iyile\u015fmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklere sahip postbiyotiklerden biridir. Asl\u0131nda, kolonun kan damarlar\u0131n\u0131 kaplayan h\u00fccreler i\u00e7in gerekli bir besindir. B\u00fctirat ba\u011f\u0131rsak damar astar\u0131ndaki iltihaplanmay\u0131 azalt\u0131r, ba\u011f\u0131rsak s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nler, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131rsak hareketlerini destekler, metabolizmay\u0131 iyile\u015ftirir, beyin fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirir ve hatta kolon kanserini \u00f6nler. Di\u011fer \u00f6nemli postbiyotikler aras\u0131nda asetat ve propiyonat bulunur. B\u00fctirat ile birlikte bu \u00fc\u00e7 postbiyotik v\u00fccuttaki k\u0131sa zincirli ya\u011f asitlerinin 95%'sini olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n

G\u0131da ve i\u00e7eceklerde postbiyotiklerin gelece\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz birka\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde, beslenme ve sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6nemine ili\u015fkin artan t\u00fcketici bilinci ve oda\u011f\u0131, probiyotik i\u00e7eren fonksiyonel g\u0131dalar\u0131n h\u0131zla y\u00fckselmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f olup, k\u00fcresel probiyotik pazar\u0131n\u0131n 2023 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar $69,3 milyara ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Probiyotiklerin canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n biyolojik etkinlikleri i\u00e7in gerekli olmas\u0131 nedeniyle, s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri en yayg\u0131n probiyotik ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lard\u0131r ve i\u015fleme ve depolama s\u0131ras\u0131nda s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnlerine eklenen probiyotik konsantrasyonunun canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in 10^6 ila 10^9 CFU\/g (mL) de\u011ferine ula\u015fmas\u0131 gerekir. Ayr\u0131ca, probiyotik vekt\u00f6rlerin fizikokimyasal g\u00f6stergeleri (pH, protein, ya\u011f ve karbonhidrat i\u00e7eri\u011fi, su aktivitesi, do\u011fal antibiyotiklerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131), i\u015fleme ve depolama ko\u015fullar\u0131 (zaman, s\u0131cakl\u0131k, a\u015f\u0131lama oran\u0131, pH, oksijen i\u00e7eri\u011fi, ambalaj malzemeleri) gibi stres fakt\u00f6rleri canl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve i\u015flevlerini olumsuz etkileyebilir.<\/p>\n

Buna kar\u015f\u0131n, postbiyotikler end\u00fcstriyel kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in daha kararl\u0131 ve daha g\u00fcvenlidir. Bu nedenle, g\u0131da ve i\u00e7eceklerdeki uygulamalar\u0131 probiyotiklere g\u00f6re \u00e7e\u015fitli teknik avantajlar sunmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n

1. G\u0131da matrisi veya bile\u015fenlerinin bile\u015fikleriyle \u00e7ok az etkile\u015fime girerler veya hi\u00e7 etkile\u015fime girmezler, b\u00f6ylece raf \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc uzat\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

2, geni\u015f bir pH ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda stabil kal\u0131rlar ve postbiyotiklerin i\u015flevini etkilemeden, \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemden \u00f6nce y\u00fcksek asitli g\u0131dalara eklenebilirler ve i\u015flem sonras\u0131 mikrobiyal kontaminasyonu en aza indirirler.<\/p>\n

3\u3001Farkl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlere g\u00f6re, depolama ve nakliye s\u00fcrecindeki do\u011fum sonras\u0131 yuan \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, so\u011fuk zincir ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131rlamalardan kurtulabilir, ayr\u0131ca \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn daha az geli\u015fmi\u015f b\u00f6lgelere batmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, \u00fcr\u00fcn maliyetinden ve kay\u0131ptan da tasarruf sa\u011flayabilir.<\/p>\n

4, do\u011fum sonras\u0131 element \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn duyusal \u00f6zelliklerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmez, do\u011fum sonras\u0131 element fermantasyonu i\u00e7eren yiyecek ve i\u00e7ecekler tat de\u011fi\u015fikliklerinden ka\u00e7\u0131nacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fum sonras\u0131 elementin \u00fcr\u00fcn formu genellikle kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k fermantasyon s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 kurutulur ve toz haline getirilir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc i\u015fleme stabilitesi performans\u0131 iyidir, oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, i\u00e7ecekler, unlu mamuller, \u015fekerleme \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, miso \u00e7orbas\u0131 ve i\u015flenmesi gereken di\u011fer genel g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnlerine uygulanabilir, ayr\u0131ca inaktive laktik asit bakteri tozlar\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 bir hammadde olarak kullan\u0131labilir, geli\u015ftirme ve uygulama beklentileri i\u00e7in \u00e7ok geni\u015f bir potansiyele sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Referanslar:
\n1, Li Yang, Postbiyotik elementlerin ara\u015ft\u0131rma ilerlemesi [J]. G\u0131da G\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve Kalite Testi Dergisi, 2021
\n2, Zhao Xuanying, Postbiyotik elementlerin ara\u015ft\u0131rma ilerlemesi ve s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnlerindeki uygulamalar\u0131[J], S\u00fct Bilimi ve Teknolojisi, 2022
\n3. Huang Fuqing, Probiyotiklerin, prebiyotiklerin ve postbiyotiklerin g\u0131da alerjisi \u00fczerindeki etkisi ve etki mekanizmas\u0131[J], Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, 2022
\n4. Liu Ying, Postbiyotiklerin geli\u015ftirilmesi ve uygulanmas\u0131ndaki e\u011filimler [J], Wuhan Hafif Sanayi \u00dcniversitesi Dergisi, 2021<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

What is the relationship between probiotics, prebiotics and postbiotics? According to the FAO\/WHO (2001) definition, probiotics are active microorganisms that, when ingested in sufficient quantities, produce health benefits for the host. While this definition emphasizes that probiotics must meet the requirement that they be “live,” recent studies have shown that inactivated or inactive probiotics, as […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nWhat is the future of postbiotics and its application in food and beverage? - China Chemical Manufacturer<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/tr\/postbiotics\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is the future of postbiotics and its application in food and beverage? - China Chemical Manufacturer\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What is the relationship between probiotics, prebiotics and postbiotics? 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