{"id":5003,"date":"2024-08-04T16:48:23","date_gmt":"2024-08-04T16:48:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/?p=5003"},"modified":"2024-08-04T16:48:23","modified_gmt":"2024-08-04T16:48:23","slug":"ground-beetle-sinensis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/tr\/ground-beetle-sinensis\/","title":{"rendered":"Yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi sinensis'in tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 ve karakteristik iyonlarla haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi sinensis'in tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 ve karakteristik iyonlarla haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131
\nYer b\u00f6ce\u011fi solucan\u0131 ilk olarak Shennong'un Materia Medica Klasi\u011fi'nde kaydedilmi\u015f ve orta s\u0131n\u0131f olarak listelenmi\u015ftir. Yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi sinensis Walker veya Steleophaga plancyi (Boleny), Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker veya Steleophaga plancyi'nin kurutulmu\u015f di\u015fi g\u00f6vdesidir. Yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi esas olarak amino asitler, proteinler, u\u00e7ucu ya\u011f bile\u015fikleri ve alkaloidler, ya\u011f asitleri, fibrinolitik aktif bile\u015fenler ve eser elementler gibi di\u011fer bile\u015fenleri i\u00e7erir. Yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi b\u00f6ce\u011fi, kan staz\u0131n\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tma, sert d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm, det\u00fcmesans ve a\u011fr\u0131y\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rma, g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fc indirme ve kanallar\u0131 a\u00e7ma vb. etkilere sahiptir. Morluklar ve yaralanmalar, tendon yaralanmalar\u0131 ve k\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131, kan staz\u0131 ve amenore, do\u011fum sonras\u0131 kan staz\u0131 ve kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, belirtiler ve \u015fi\u015flik i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Modern farmakolojik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi b\u00f6ce\u011finin antikoag\u00fclan, anti-t\u00fcm\u00f6r, kan lipid d\u00fczenleyici, analjezik, anti-enflamatuar ve bakterisidal aktivitelere sahip oldu\u011funu ve hatta \"kan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen ilk ila\u00e7\" olarak adland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Klinik uygulamada yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r (Yaozhinet veri taban\u0131n\u0131n istatistiklerine g\u00f6re, 151 geleneksel \u00c7in patentli ila\u00e7 ve yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi b\u00f6ce\u011fi i\u00e7eren basit preparat re\u00e7eteleri toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r) ve dozaj\u0131 da b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. \u015eu anda piyasada sat\u0131lan iki t\u00fcr yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi vard\u0131r: yabani ve yapay olarak yeti\u015ftirilmi\u015f. Bununla birlikte, yabani yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi say\u0131s\u0131 her ge\u00e7en y\u0131l azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, yapay olarak yeti\u015ftirilen \u00fcr\u00fcnler klinik uygulamada b\u00fcy\u00fck bir orana sahiptir ve yapay ta\u011f\u015fi\u015f ve safs\u0131zl\u0131k davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 zaman zaman ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r, bu da yaln\u0131zca \u00f6zelliklerini belirleyerek yanl\u0131\u015f de\u011ferlendirmeye yol a\u00e7abilir. Genel olarak, \u00c7in Farmakopesi'nin 2020 bask\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi kurdu alt\u0131ndaki test maddeleri nispeten basittir ve yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi kurdunun orijinalli\u011fini ve kalitesini kapsaml\u0131 ve do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde yans\u0131tamaz.<\/p>\n

Yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi esas olarak amino asitler, proteinler, u\u00e7ucu ya\u011f bile\u015fikleri vb. i\u00e7erir. Bu a\u015famada, kalite ile ilgili ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar da bu bile\u015fenlere odaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Son y\u0131llarda, baz\u0131 akademisyenler yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi b\u00f6ceklerinin \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc incelemek i\u00e7in molek\u00fcler farmakognozi y\u00f6ntemlerini de kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin Chen ve arkada\u015flar\u0131, kromatografi ve molek\u00fcler biyoloji yoluyla eupolyphaga b\u00f6ceklerinin ve sahte yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi Phnom Penh'in tan\u0131mlama y\u00f6ntemini de olu\u015fturmu\u015flard\u0131r. DNA barkodlar\u0131n\u0131 veri taban\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra, en yak\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcn dizisi ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 verilebilir, bu da \u00e7e\u015fitlerin kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirleyebilir; Lu ve arkada\u015flar\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7e\u015fit yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi b\u00f6ce\u011finin proteinlerini ve ayn\u0131 ve farkl\u0131 yerlerden gelenleri tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in poliakrilamid jel elektroforezi kulland\u0131lar. Y\u00f6ntem y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe ve iyi tekrarlanabilirli\u011fe sahiptir. Bununla birlikte, molek\u00fcler farmakognozi teknolojisinin y\u00fcksek laboratuvar gereksinimleri vard\u0131r ve belirli s\u0131n\u0131rlamalarla te\u015fvik edilmesi zordur. \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti Farmakopesi'nde (2020 Bask\u0131s\u0131) (bundan b\u00f6yle \"\u00c7in Farmakopesi\" olarak an\u0131lacakt\u0131r), yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi sinensis t\u0131bbi malzemelerinin tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 maddesi alt\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca mikroskobik tan\u0131mlama ve ince tabaka tan\u0131mlama vard\u0131r ve bu y\u00f6ntem yaln\u0131zca hammaddelerin tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir. Ekstrakte edilmi\u015f yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi sinensis ve yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi sinensis i\u00e7eren form\u00fcle edilmi\u015f preparatlar i\u00e7in, y\u00f6ntemin aktar\u0131labilirli\u011fi zay\u0131ft\u0131r ve etkili bir \u015fekilde ay\u0131rt edilemez.
\nT\u00fcr farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan bir biyobelirte\u00e7 olarak karakteristik peptitler, hayvan t\u0131bb\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131nda giderek daha olgun hale gelmektedir. Baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, karakteristik peptit teknolojisi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kaplumba\u011fa A, antilop boynuzu, e\u015fek derisi tutkal\u0131, geyik boynuzu sak\u0131z\u0131, k\u0131rkayak, geyik boynuzu vb. ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. \u0130yi \u00f6zg\u00fcll\u00fck ve basit kullan\u0131m \u00f6zellikleri, g\u00fcnl\u00fck incelemede tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. K\u00fctle spektrometresi tespitine dayanan karakteristik peptit teknolojisi, ayn\u0131 anda birden fazla t\u00fcr\u00fcn karakteristik peptit iyonu bilgisini tespit g\u00f6stergeleri olarak belirleyebilir; bu da, ta\u011f\u015fi\u015f edilmi\u015f bile\u015fenleri daha do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde belirlerken ve ta\u011f\u015fi\u015f edilmi\u015f bile\u015fenleri nispeten \u00f6l\u00e7erken \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fck tan\u0131mlamas\u0131na ula\u015fmas\u0131 beklenmektedir. Geni\u015f ve parlak uygulama olanaklar\u0131na sahiptir. \u0130yon \u00e7ifti tayini, \u00c7in Farmakopesi'nde (2020) e\u015fek derisi tutkal\u0131, boynuz tutkal\u0131 ve kaplumba\u011fa kabu\u011fu tutkal\u0131 tan\u0131mlama maddelerine dahil edilmi\u015ftir. Karakteristik peptitlerin \u00c7in'in resmi yasal kodunda kalite g\u00f6stergeleri olarak yer almas\u0131, hayvan ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n yasal standartlarda belirli kalite kontrol bile\u015fenlerine sahip olmamas\u0131 durumuna da son vermi\u015ftir. Ekstrakt \u00e7o\u011funlukla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc olarak su kullan\u0131r. Yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi b\u00f6ce\u011fi gibi hayvansal ila\u00e7lar kaynat\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, kolajen suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr peptitler olu\u015fturmak \u00fczere spesifik olmayan bir bozunmaya u\u011frayacakt\u0131r. Baz\u0131 peptitler, \u00e7e\u015fitli biyolojik etkiler g\u00f6stermek \u00fczere biyofilm yoluyla kana kar\u0131\u015fabilir. Bununla birlikte, yurti\u00e7inde ve yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi sinensis'in tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 ve karakteristik iyonlarla haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bir rapor bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, yukar\u0131daki karakteristik iyon tan\u0131mlama teknolojisi referans olarak kullan\u0131larak, yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi b\u00f6ceklerinin orijinalli\u011fini belirlemek i\u00e7in uygulanm\u0131\u015f ve yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi b\u00f6ceklerinin ve preparatlar\u0131n\u0131n kalite ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir referans sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"\"
\nYer b\u00f6ce\u011fi sinensis'in kanser, trombozu \u00f6nleme, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rma ve femur ba\u015f\u0131 avask\u00fcler nekrozunu tedavi etme gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli hastal\u0131klar\u0131 tedavi etme etkinli\u011fine sahip oldu\u011fu kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Son zamanlarda, yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi, s\u00fcl\u00fck ve k\u0131rkaya\u011f\u0131n endometritte belirgin klinik etkinlik g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi bildirilmi\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte, yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi b\u00f6ceklerini ve yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi b\u00f6ce\u011fi i\u00e7eren re\u00e7eteleri do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlamak zordur. \u015eu anda, hayvansal ila\u00e7lar\u0131n kalite testleri \u00e7o\u011funlukla morfoloji, mikroskopi ve ince tabaka testi gibi y\u00f6ntemlere odaklanmaktad\u0131r. Dahas\u0131, \u00e7o\u011fu hayvansal ila\u00e7 benzer amino asit ve n\u00fckleozit bile\u015fimleri i\u00e7ermekte, bu da hayvansal ila\u00e7 \u00e7e\u015fitlerinin tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 ve kalite analizinde belirsizli\u011fe yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, hayvansal ila\u00e7lar\u0131n kalite kontrol\u00fc ve de\u011ferlendirilmesi i\u00e7in hayvansal ila\u00e7lar\u0131n tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 ve de\u011ferlendirilmesine y\u00f6nelik bir dizi \u00f6zel analitik y\u00f6ntemin geli\u015ftirilmesi ve olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Son y\u0131llarda, karakteristik peptitlerin kalitatif \/ kantitatif analizine dayanan hayvansal geleneksel \u00c7in t\u0131bb\u0131n\u0131n kalite kontrol modeli giderek yayg\u0131nla\u015fmakta ve uygulanmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7in Farmakopesi 2020, e\u015fek derisi tutkal\u0131, geyik boynuzu sak\u0131z\u0131 ve kaplumba\u011fa kabu\u011fu sak\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zel peptit tan\u0131mlama y\u00f6ntemlerini i\u00e7erir, ancak yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi b\u00f6ce\u011findeki karakteristik iyonlar\u0131n tan\u0131mlama y\u00f6ntemi yoktur.
\nBu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada belirlenen karakteristik iyonlar, ekstraksiyon \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc olarak 1% amonyum bikarbonat \u00e7\u00f6zeltisi ve numunenin enzimatik hidrolizi i\u00e7in tripsin kullan\u0131larak protein sindirim teknolojisi ile tespit edilmi\u015f; numunelerin ekstraksiyon y\u00f6ntemi, enzim dozaj\u0131 ve ekstraksiyon s\u00fcresi ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve optimum ekstraksiyon ko\u015fullar\u0131 \u0131s\u0131tma refl\u00fc (ekstraksiyon y\u00f6ntemi), 50 \u03bc L (enzim dozaj\u0131) ve 30 dakika (ekstraksiyon s\u00fcresi) olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti Farmakopesi'nde kay\u0131tl\u0131 olan yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi kurdunun kalite kontrol y\u00f6ntemi nispeten basit oldu\u011fundan, yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi kurdu piyasas\u0131nda sahte \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00fcretilip sat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kalitesiz \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \u00fcst\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcnlermi\u015f gibi g\u00f6sterilmesi nadir de\u011fildir. \u015eu anda, yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi solucan\u0131n\u0131n fiyat\u0131 piyasada y\u00fckselmeye devam etmektedir. Kanun ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131, ekonomik \u00e7\u0131kar sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla, karlar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi kurdu ilac\u0131na \u015fap, tuz ve ba\u015fka bile\u015fenler eklemi\u015f ve hatta ger\u00e7ek \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin yerine sahte \u00fcr\u00fcnler kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Buna ek olarak, Phnom Penh yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi de Guangdong Eyaletindeki geleneksel \u00c7in t\u0131bb\u0131 standard\u0131na dahil edilmi\u015f ve uzun s\u00fcredir yerel bir ev \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Phnom Penh yer b\u00f6ce\u011finin bile\u015fiminin Eupolyphaga ve Eupolyphaga'dan farkl\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir; Ayn\u0131 zamanda, farkl\u0131 hayvan ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n standart kaynatma i\u015flemi, kaynatma par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n \u015feklini kaybetmi\u015ftir ve tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 zordur. Bu nedenle, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma k\u00fctle spektrometresine dayal\u0131 bir karakteristik iyon tan\u0131mlama teknolojisi olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi sinensis'in tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in karakteristik iyon olarak m\/z 415.72 (\u00e7ift y\u00fck) \u2192 406.72, 415.72 (\u00e7ift y\u00fck) \u2192 667.34'\u00fcn kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi bulunmu\u015ftur. Farkl\u0131 kaynaklardan 24 parti yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi kurdu t\u0131bbi malzemesinin, 21 parti yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi kurdu ekstrakt\u0131n\u0131n, 6 parti yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi kurdu preparat\u0131n\u0131n, 6 farkl\u0131 hayvan ilac\u0131n\u0131n ve 3 \u00e7e\u015fit yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi kurdu ta\u011f\u015fi\u015f maddesinin uygulanmas\u0131 ve tespiti yoluyla, tespit y\u00f6ntemi, orijinal t\u0131bbi malzemelerin \u00f6zelliklerini kaybetmi\u015f yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi kurdu i\u00e7eren ara \u00fcr\u00fcnler ve preparatlar aras\u0131nda net bir ayr\u0131m yapsa bile, karakteristik iyonun \u00f6zg\u00fcll\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011frulayan 2 farkl\u0131 ilkel yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi kurduna uygulanabilir.
\nAyn\u0131 zamanda, bu y\u00f6ntemin kullan\u0131m\u0131 basittir, y\u00fcksek oranda tekrarlanabilir ve karma\u015f\u0131k bir \u00f6n i\u015fleme s\u00fcreci yoktur, bu da bu y\u00f6ntemin uygulama e\u015fi\u011fini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalt\u0131r. \u00c7ok say\u0131da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, karakteristik peptidler kullanarak hayvan bazl\u0131 geleneksel \u00c7in t\u0131bb\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlama y\u00f6nteminin makul ve uygulanabilir oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015f olsa da, ilgili kalite de\u011ferlendirme y\u00f6ntemlerinin daha da zenginle\u015ftirilmesi ve iyile\u015ftirilmesi gerekmektedir; bu da geleneksel \u00c7in t\u0131bb\u0131n\u0131n kalite kontrol\u00fc \u00fczerine gelecekteki ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir y\u00f6nd\u00fcr. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada olu\u015fturulan y\u00f6ntem, yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi ve kaynatma par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n denetim standartlar\u0131ndaki eksiklikleri etkili bir \u015fekilde tamamlayacak, yer b\u00f6ce\u011finin yaln\u0131zca uzun s\u00fcredir geleneksel deneyim yoluyla \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc belirleyebilmesi sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zecek, kalite kontrol seviyesini iyile\u015ftirecek ve yer b\u00f6ce\u011fi ile ilgili klinik ila\u00e7lar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve etkinli\u011fi i\u00e7in bir referans sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Identification of ground beetle sinensis and its preparation by characteristic ions The ground beetle worm was first recorded in Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica, and was listed as the middle grade. Ground beetle sinensis Walker or Steleophaga plancyi (Boleny) is the dried female body of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker or Steleophaga plancyi. The ground beetle beetle […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nIdentification of ground beetle sinensis and its preparation by characteristic ions - China Chemical Manufacturer<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/tr\/ground-beetle-sinensis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Identification of ground beetle sinensis and its preparation by characteristic ions - China Chemical Manufacturer\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Identification of ground beetle sinensis and its preparation by characteristic ions The ground beetle worm was first recorded in Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica, and was listed as the middle grade. Ground beetle sinensis Walker or Steleophaga plancyi (Boleny) is the dried female body of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker or Steleophaga plancyi. 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Ground beetle sinensis Walker or Steleophaga plancyi (Boleny) is the dried female body of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker or Steleophaga plancyi. 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