{"id":10001,"date":"2024-10-04T10:43:09","date_gmt":"2024-10-04T10:43:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/?p=10001"},"modified":"2024-10-04T10:43:09","modified_gmt":"2024-10-04T10:43:09","slug":"a-fishy-soy-flavor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/tr\/a-fishy-soy-flavor\/","title":{"rendered":"Bal\u0131ks\u0131 soya aromas\u0131 olu\u015fumunun nedenleri ve soya s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn kokusunu gidermenin 3 yolu nelerdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Bal\u0131ks\u0131 soya aromas\u0131 olu\u015fumunun nedenleri ve soya s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn kokusunu gidermenin 3 yolu nelerdir?<\/h1>\n<p>Soya s\u00fct\u00fc t\u00fcketimi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, kokusu hala bir\u00e7ok ulusal t\u00fcketici i\u00e7in kabul edilemezdir ve soya kokusunun giderilmesi sorunu, fasulye i\u015fleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00fcr\u00fcn kalitesinin iyile\u015ftirilmesindeki temel teknik zorluklardan biri olmu\u015ftur. Bu makale, referans\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma literat\u00fcr\u00fcne at\u0131fta bulunmaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\nSoya fasulyesi kokusunun olu\u015fumu \u00c7ok say\u0131da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma soya fasulyesi kokusunun esas olarak u\u00e7ucu koku ve u\u00e7ucu olmayan kokudan olu\u015ftu\u011funu kan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu koku maddelerinin baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7imenli, bal\u0131ks\u0131, baz\u0131lar\u0131 ac\u0131, buruk, baharatl\u0131, ek\u015fi, kokulu ve \u00e7e\u015fitli farkl\u0131 rahats\u0131z edici kokular g\u00f6sterir. T\u00fcm bu istenmeyen kokular\u0131n birle\u015fik etkisi, soya fasulyesinin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc soya aromas\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Soya kokusunun olu\u015fumunun son derece karma\u015f\u0131k nedenleri ve reaksiyon s\u00fcreci vard\u0131r. \u00d6zetle, ba\u015fl\u0131ca a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki hususlar vard\u0131r:<br \/>\n1. Soya fasulyesinin kendisi istenmeyen koku bile\u015fenleri i\u00e7erir Soya fasulyesinin kendisi istenmeyen koku bile\u015fenleri i\u00e7erir, u\u00e7ucu koku maddeleri formaldehit, asetaldehit, hekzanal, izovaleraldehit, n-heptanal, aseton, etilheptanon, n-hekzanol, n-heptanol, asetik asit, propiyonik asit, valerik asit, kaprik asit, kaprilik asit, metilamin, dimetilamin, hidrojen s\u00fclf\u00fcr vb. U\u00e7ucu olmayan koku veren maddeler ba\u015fl\u0131ca fenolik asit, klorojenik asit ve soya fasulyesi fosfatidilkolinidir (SPC). Bu istenmeyen koku bile\u015fenleri ve soya fasulyesi proteini bir araya geldi\u011finde soya fasulyesi ye\u015fil bir kokuya ve soya fasulyesi kokusuna sahip olur. 2. Soya fasulyesi ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n otooksidasyon reaksiyonu Soya fasulyesi \u00e7ok say\u0131da doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011f asidi i\u00e7erir. Bunlar aras\u0131nda, oleik asit (9-oktadekenoik asit) yakla\u015f\u0131k 20%, linoleik asit (9,12-oktadekadienoik asit) yakla\u015f\u0131k 52% ve linolenik asit (9,12,15-oktadekatrienoik asit) yakla\u015f\u0131k 10%'dir. Doymam\u0131\u015f \u00e7ift ba\u011fda oleik asit, linoleik asit, linolenik asit bulunmas\u0131 nedeniyle, hidroperoksitler ve bir dizi k\u00f6t\u00fc koku maddesi \u00fcreten oksidasyon reaksiyonlar\u0131na olduk\u00e7a duyarl\u0131d\u0131rlar. 3. Soya fasulyesi ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n enzimatik oksidasyon reaksiyonu Soya fasulyesi \u00e7e\u015fitli enzimler i\u00e7erir, \u00f6zellikle en y\u00fcksek ya\u011f oksidaz i\u00e7eri\u011fi, en y\u00fcksek canl\u0131l\u0131k olan soya fasulyesindeki besinlerin ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik edebilirler. Linoleik asit ve linolenik asit bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin soya fasulyesi, ya\u011f oksidaz i\u00e7in iyi bir substratt\u0131r.<br \/>\nYa\u011f oksidaz, doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011f asitlerinin birincil \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olan hidroperoksitlere etki eder ve ard\u0131ndan daha karma\u015f\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fikliklerden sonra aldehitler, ketonlar, alkoller, fenoller ve di\u011fer u\u00e7ucu aroma maddelerini \u00fcretir. Bunlar aras\u0131nda hekzanal, heksenal, nonadienal, 3-cis (trans)-hekzanal, cis ve trans-pentil vinil vinil, vb. yer al\u0131r ve bunlar\u0131n hepsi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir soya aromas\u0131 sergiler. Ya\u011f oksidaza ek olarak, d\u00f6rt \u00e7e\u015fit soya fasulyesi ya\u011f oksidaz izoenzimi vard\u0131r ve soya fasulyesi ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n oksidatif bozunmas\u0131n\u0131 tetikleyerek \u00e7e\u015fitli bal\u0131k kokulu maddeler \u00fcretir. 4. Amino asitler ve \u015fekerler aras\u0131ndaki reaksiyon Soya fasulyesi \u00e7e\u015fitli amino asitler ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck dereceli \u015fekerler i\u00e7erir. Belirli ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda, amino asitler ve \u015fekerler reaksiyona girer. Bu reaksiyon Maillard reaksiyonu kategorisine aittir. Reaksiyon s\u0131ras\u0131nda amino asitler formaldehit, asetaldehit ve di\u011fer \u00e7o\u011fu hidroksil bile\u015fiklerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra amonyak ve karbondioksite ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131r; \u015feker furfural ve hidroksimetil furfural olarak olu\u015fur.<br \/>\nDaha sonra, dihidroksi bile\u015fi\u011fi ile amino asit aras\u0131nda bir Strecker bozunma reaksiyonu meydana gelir; bu reaksiyonda amino asit dekarboksilasyona u\u011frar ve bir eksik karbonlu bir aldehit \u00fcretmek \u00fczere deamine edilir. Sistein ve sistin gibi s\u00fclf\u00fcr i\u00e7eren amino asitler, Strecker bozunmas\u0131ndan sonra, aldehitlere ek olarak hidrojen s\u00fclf\u00fcr de \u00fcretilir. Ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan aldehitler ve hidrojen s\u00fclf\u00fcr\u00fcn her ikisi de k\u00f6t\u00fc koku \u00fcretir.<br \/>\n5. Amino asitler ve aldehitler, soya fasulyesi ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n oksidasyonu ile \u00fcretilen keton reaksiyonu aldehitler ve ketonlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra amino asitler ve \u015feker reaksiyonu veya aldehitlerin amino asit bozunmas\u0131, amino asitlere ve soya fasulyesi proteinlerine devam eder, enzimatik olmayan esmerle\u015fme reaksiyonu, bu reaksiyon hala Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri Larder (Maillard) reaksiyonu kategorisine aittir. Bu tip reaksiyonun \u00fcr\u00fcnleri aminler, amonyak ve istenmeyen kokulara sahip yeni hidroksil bile\u015fikleridir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda y\u00fcksek molek\u00fcler a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa ve karma\u015f\u0131k yap\u0131ya sahip kahverengi veya siyah pigmentler de \u00fcretir. 6. Soya fasulyesi proteininin hidrolizi soya fasulyesi \u00f6zel k\u00f6t\u00fc kokusu ve soya fasulyesi proteini peptit zinciri orijinal olarak di\u011fer lezzet gruplar\u0131yla birle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Proteinlerin enzimatik hidrolizi, bu lezzet veren maddelerin serbest kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar; ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda proteinlerin ac\u0131 tad\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretilmesine de yol a\u00e7ar. Hidrolize proteinlerin ac\u0131 tad\u0131, proteinin orijinal amino asit bile\u015fimine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\nSoya fasulyesi proteinlerindeki hidrofobik amino asitler, hidrolize proteinlerin ac\u0131 tad\u0131na neden olmada \u00f6nemlidir. Valin, l\u00f6sin, izol\u00f6sin ve triptofan bu amino asit grubuna aittir. Sisteinin bozunmas\u0131 amonyak, hidrojen s\u00fclf\u00fcr ve asetaldehit \u00fcretir.<br \/>\nSoya fasulyesi s\u00fct\u00fc bal\u0131k kokusu y\u00f6ntemlerinin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131[16] Soya fasulyesi s\u00fct\u00fc bal\u0131k kokusunu ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in mevcut y\u00f6ntemler ve teknolojiler esas olarak \u00fc\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131dan yans\u0131t\u0131lmaktad\u0131r: birincisi, hammaddelerin iyile\u015ftirilmesi yoluyla, yeni soya fasulyesi \u00e7e\u015fitlerini ke\u015ffetmek ve yeti\u015ftirmek; ikincisi, soya fasulyesindeki ya\u011f oksidaz aktivitesini k\u00f6relterek veya inaktive ederek i\u015fleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda soya fasulyesi bal\u0131k kokusunun kokusunu azaltmak; \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc olarak, depolama ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek. 1. Soya fasulyesi s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerindeki t\u00fcketicilerin taranmas\u0131nda m\u00fckemmel soya fasulyesi \u00e7e\u015fitleri soya lezzetinin kabul\u00fcnde b\u00fcy\u00fck farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6sterir, bu nedenle soya fasulyesi s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda \"yerel ko\u015fullardan\" \u00f6nce soya fasulyesi \u00e7e\u015fitlerinin se\u00e7ilmesi \u00f6zellikle \u00f6nemlidir.<br \/>\nSoya fasulyesi s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn soya fasulyesi tad\u0131 \u00fczerindeki soya fasulyesi \u00e7e\u015fitleri, soya fasulyesi s\u00fct\u00fc \u00f6zellikleri bilinmeyen soya fasulyesi \u00e7e\u015fitleri i\u00e7in, fiziksel ve kimyasal g\u00f6stergeleri bilindi\u011fi s\u00fcrece, t\u00fcketicinin en sevdi\u011fi lezzet de\u011ferlendirme y\u00f6nteminin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131 hedeflemek i\u00e7in tahmin edilen lezzet \u00f6zelliklerinin iki diskriminant fonksiyonunu kullanabilirsiniz [1].<br \/>\nBir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, protein ve ya\u011f i\u00e7eri\u011fi ile soya aromas\u0131n\u0131n duyusal puan\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiye dayanarak, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta protein miktar\u0131 fraksiyonu 40%'den az ve ya\u011f k\u00fctlesi fraksiyonu y\u00fcksek olan soya fasulyesi \u00e7e\u015fitlerinden haz\u0131rlanan soya s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn en zay\u0131f soya aromas\u0131na ve en iyi genel duyusal kaliteye sahip oldu\u011fu belirlenmi\u015ftir [2]. Buna ek olarak, soya fasulyesi kokusunun olu\u015fumunun temel yolundan g\u00f6r\u00fclebilece\u011fi gibi, lipoksijenaz soya fasulyesi kokusunun vazge\u00e7ilmez maddelerinin olu\u015fumudur, lipoksijenaz olmayan soya fasulyesi \u00e7e\u015fitlerinin yeti\u015ftirilmesi soya fasulyesi kokusu ar\u0131tma y\u00f6nteminin k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00fc ortadan kald\u0131rmakt\u0131r. \u015eu anda, bir\u00e7ok yerli \u00fcr\u00fcn ara\u015ft\u0131rma enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Sui-Nui-Fishy 1, Sui-Nui-Fishy 2, Dongnong 56, # 1, # 2, vb. gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli ya\u011f oksidaz eksikli\u011fi \u00e7e\u015fitlerini yeti\u015ftirmi\u015ftir; bunlardan Heilongjiang Tar\u0131m Bilimleri Akademisi Suihua Tar\u0131m Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilen Sui-Nui-Fishy soya fasulyesi \u00f6zellikleri iyidir, soya fasulyesi kokusu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funda soya s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131, iyi tat [3].<br \/>\n2. \u00dcretim s\u00fcrecinin iyile\u015ftirilmesi (a) soya fasulyesi \u00f6n muamelesi soya fasulyesi epidermisi ve kotiledonlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok say\u0131da lipoksigenaz toplanmas\u0131 [4], \u00f6n muamele i\u015fleminden \u00f6nce ka\u011f\u0131t hamurunda bu lipoksigenaz ve hava temas\u0131 f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in art\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. En do\u011frudan y\u00f6ntem soya fasulyesini soymakt\u0131r ve soyma oran\u0131 ne kadar y\u00fcksekse, soya kokusunun azalt\u0131lmas\u0131nda en iyi etki o kadar y\u00fcksektir [5].<br \/>\nBuna ek olarak, soya fasulyesini i\u015flemek i\u00e7in dondurma teknolojisinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 da enzim inaktivasyonunda iyi bir etki yaratabilir. Soya fasulyesi 9 saat boyunca suda bekletilir [fasulye\/su oran\u0131 1:3 (m\/V)] ve ard\u0131ndan soya fasulyesi s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131ndan 20 saat sonra donma ko\u015fulu alt\u0131nda y\u00fczey suyunu -18 \u2103'de kurutmak i\u00e7in gazl\u0131 bez kullan\u0131n, duyusal de\u011ferlendirme sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 soya fasulyesi s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn soya fasulyesi kokusunun \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde zay\u0131flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir, Bunun nedeni, buz kristali olu\u015fumu ve b\u00fcy\u00fcmesinin dondurma i\u015fleminin sadece soya fasulyesi doku yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n mekanik olarak hasar g\u00f6rmesine neden olmakla kalmay\u0131p, ayn\u0131 zamanda protein ve ya\u011f oksidasyon enziminin molek\u00fcler uzaysal yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 da yok edebilmesidir, b\u00f6ylece enzimin aktivitesi inhibe edilir veya hatta inaktive edilir [6].<br \/>\nAyn\u0131 zamanda, soya fasulyesi ultra y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k ge\u00e7ici y\u00f6ntemi ile de i\u015flenebilir, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir ki: iki a\u015famal\u0131 ultra y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k ge\u00e7ici (120 \u2103 \/ 80 s + 140 \u2103 \/ 4 s) i\u015fleminden sonra \u00e7i\u011f soya fasulyesi s\u00fct\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan soya fasulyesi yakla\u015f\u0131k 99% lipoksijenaz aktivitesinin kayb\u0131, soya fasulyesi koku bile\u015fiklerinin \u00e7o\u011fu tespit s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, soya fasulyesi kokusu \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r [7].<br \/>\n(ii) Ka\u011f\u0131t hamuru prosesi Ka\u011f\u0131t hamuru prosesinde, soya kokusu, asit veya alkali ilavesi gibi lipoksijenaz kaynakl\u0131 enzimatik reaksiyonun ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirerek, \u0131slat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f soya fasulyesi \u00e7\u00f6zeltisinin pH de\u011ferini lipoksijenaz\u0131n optimum pH de\u011ferinden sapacak \u015fekilde ayarlayarak hafifletilebilir.<br \/>\nYang Daoqiang [8] soya fasulyesini \u0131slatmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan geleneksel sulu \u00e7\u00f6zeltiyi, belirli bir k\u00fctle oran\u0131nda NaHCO3 ekleyen bir \u00e7\u00f6zelti ile de\u011fi\u015ftirerek soya s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn genel duyusal puan\u0131n\u0131n daha y\u00fcksek, soya kokusu puan\u0131n\u0131n daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131n\u0131 ve protein, polisakkarit ve di\u011fer besin maddelerinin i\u00e7eri\u011finin artmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br \/>\nKa\u011f\u0131t hamuru i\u015fleminde s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rmak, proteinin orta derecede termal denat\u00fcrasyonunu ve lipoksijenaz inaktivasyonunu yapabilir ve daha sonra i\u015flemde \u00fcretilen soya fasulyesi bal\u0131k maddelerini inhibe edebilir, \u0131s\u0131tma ile \u00fcretilen aroma da soya fasulyesi bal\u0131k tad\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 maskeleyebilir. Genel olarak, 80 \u2103 \u00fczerindeki \u0131s\u0131tma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ya\u011f oksijenaz\u0131n\u0131n 99%'sinin inaktivasyonunu sa\u011flayabilir.<br \/>\nYayg\u0131n \u0131s\u0131tma y\u00f6ntemleri d\u00fcz kaynatma, buhar, mikrodalga, s\u0131cak vb. olsa da, bu \u0131s\u0131tma y\u00f6ntemleri soya lezzetini zay\u0131flatmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir, ancak bireysel yollar soya s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn di\u011fer niteliklerine zarar verecektir. Do\u011frudan ate\u015fte kaynatma gibi, s\u00fcrekli kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa ve havaya uzun s\u00fcre maruz kalma nedeniyle soya s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc, 2-pentil furan olu\u015fumu gibi \u00e7ok say\u0131da tek do\u011frusal oksijen arac\u0131l\u0131 soya fasulyesi bal\u0131kl\u0131 madde \u00fcretimi; buharl\u0131 \u0131s\u0131tma, soya s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn lokalize a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131na kolayca yol a\u00e7abilir, bu da kabarc\u0131k yuvarlanmas\u0131n\u0131n rol\u00fcne neden olur, b\u00f6ylece soya s\u00fct\u00fc, genel kaliteyi etkileyen bir\u00e7ok kabarc\u0131k \u00fcretimini g\u00f6sterir. Tek tip \u0131s\u0131tma, h\u0131zl\u0131 ve soya fasulyesinin bal\u0131k kokusunu ve fabrikan\u0131n di\u011fer avantajlar\u0131n\u0131 etkili bir \u015fekilde azaltabilen mikrodalga \u0131s\u0131tma ve ailenin soya s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc \u0131s\u0131tman\u0131n en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan yolu olan Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri, soya s\u00fct\u00fc patentleri \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in mikrodalga kullan\u0131m\u0131 olmu\u015ftur [9-11].<br \/>\nIs\u0131tmaya ek olarak, ultra y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 homojenizasyon ve ham soya s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn darbeli elektrik alan\u0131 i\u015flemi veya pi\u015fmi\u015f soya s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr bir soya s\u00fct\u00fc tozuna p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtmeli kurutulmas\u0131, soya kokusu i\u015flemi olmadan soya s\u00fct\u00fc \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. Geleneksel teknolojilere g\u00f6re bir\u00e7ok avantajlar\u0131 vard\u0131r, \u00f6rne\u011fin ultra y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 homojenizasyon, daha hassas bir tada ve iyi bir stabiliteye sahip olan nanometre soya s\u00fct\u00fc partik\u00fcllerine ula\u015fabilir; darbeli elektrik alan\u0131 i\u015flem s\u00fcresi k\u0131sad\u0131r; sprey kurutma, soya s\u00fct\u00fcndeki anti-besinsel fakt\u00f6rleri etkili bir \u015fekilde ortadan kald\u0131rabilir, vb. [12,13].<br \/>\n(C) Soya fasulyesi ve soya s\u00fct\u00fc depolama ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in hasat ve kurutma sonras\u0131 soya fasulyesi 3 ay i\u00e7inde soya s\u00fct\u00fc \u00fcretimini tamamlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc soya s\u00fct\u00fcnden haz\u0131rlanan soya fasulyesinin 3 aydan fazla depolama s\u00fcresi soya fasulyesi aromas\u0131 depolama s\u00fcresinin uzamas\u0131yla zay\u0131flamaya devam etmeyecek, ayn\u0131 zamanda soya fasulyesinin g\u00fcveler taraf\u0131ndan gizli tehlikesini de art\u0131racakt\u0131r [14].<br \/>\nDepolama ortam\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck nem (ticari soya fasulyesi depolama nemi \u2264 13%), d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oksijen, kuru, havaland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131, bu ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda soya fasulyesi solunum g\u00fcc\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalacak, kimyasal bile\u015fim k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boyuttaki de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin. Bitmi\u015f soya s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, genellikle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kta so\u011futma \u00f6nerilir, b\u00f6ylece sadece soya fasulyesi kokusu zay\u0131flat\u0131c\u0131 bir etkiye sahip olmaz ve genel lezzet fazla etkilenmez.<br \/>\nLiu Fang ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 [15] \u00f6rnek olarak sade soya s\u00fct\u00fc ile kapsaml\u0131 bir fizikokimyasal kontrol testi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015f ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k (4 \u2103) ve 0,10 g\/Kg \u03b5-polilizin, 0.10 g\/Kg streptozotosin laktat depolaman\u0131n soya s\u00fct\u00fcndeki mikrobiyal b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi ve \u00fcremeyi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde engelleyebildi\u011fi, soya s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn raf \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc 130 g\u00fcne kadar uzatabildi\u011fi ve soya s\u00fct\u00fcndeki soya fasulyesi bal\u0131k aromal\u0131 maddelerin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve t\u00fcketiciler aras\u0131nda pop\u00fcler olan soya fasulyesi olmayan bal\u0131k aromal\u0131 maddelerin kayb\u0131n\u0131n daha az oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Soya aromal\u0131 maddelerin kayb\u0131 az olmu\u015ftur. Soya s\u00fct\u00fc bal\u0131k aromas\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumu, lipoksijenaz taraf\u0131ndan ind\u00fcklenen enzimatik reaksiyonla yak\u0131ndan ili\u015fkilidir ve ilgili maddelerin \u00fcretimi birden fazla fakt\u00f6rden etkilenir.<br \/>\n\u015eimdiye kadar bildirilen soya fasulyesi kokusunu giderme y\u00f6ntemleri esas olarak fizikokimyasal y\u00f6ntemlerle enzimatik reaksiyonu engelleme ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131na dayanmaktad\u0131r, ancak baz\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerin soya fasulyesi kokusunu hafifletebildi\u011fini, ancak soya fasulyesi kokusu d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda soya s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn kalitesi \u00fczerinde yan etkileri oldu\u011funu da belirtmek gerekir. Bilinmeyen enzim soya kokusu maddelerini \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in hidroperoksitlere linolenik asit varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle soya fasulyesinin ya\u011f oksijenaz sistemi olmamas\u0131 gibi, soya aromas\u0131n\u0131 temelden ortadan kald\u0131ramaz ve soya fasulyesi s\u00fct\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan lipoksijenaz soya fasulyesi kalitesinin eksikli\u011fi kaba, zay\u0131f tatl\u0131l\u0131k, soya fasulyesi s\u00fct\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan s\u0131radan soya fasulyesi kadar iyi de\u011fildir. Bu nedenle, soya s\u00fct\u00fc haz\u0131rlama s\u00fcrecinin iyile\u015ftirilmesi ve inovasyonu amac\u0131yla soya kokusunu azaltmak i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 zamanda soya s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn genel lezzetini ve kalitesini de dikkate almal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\nBuna ek olarak, soya s\u00fct\u00fc bal\u0131k aromas\u0131na ek olarak \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem yerine ultra y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 homojenizasyon, sprey kurutma, darbeli elektrik alan\u0131 ve di\u011fer fiziksel y\u00f6ntemlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, teknolojinin uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in iyi beklentilerdir; tek bir y\u00f6ntem yerine bir dizi teknolojinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 da bal\u0131kl\u0131 soya fasulyesi aromas\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesinde gelecekteki ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n odak noktas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What are the reasons for the formation of a fishy soy flavor and 3 ways to deodorize soy milk? 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