# What is Bromopol?

Bromopol, chemically known as **2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol**, is a highly effective organic compound with powerful antimicrobial properties. With the CAS registry number **52-51-7**, this white crystalline solid has been widely used since its first synthesis in 1897 as a preservative in various industrial applications.

Developed by The Boots Company PLC in the early 20th century, bromopol has become one of the most popular preservatives in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and personal care industries. Its effectiveness against a broad spectrum of microorganisms makes it an invaluable ingredient for product preservation.

# What Are the Benefits of Bromopol?

## Powerful Antimicrobial Action

Bromopol exhibits exceptional antibacterial activity, particularly against **Gram-negative bacteria**. Its mechanism of action involves oxidizing thiol groups in bacterial cells, which disrupts essential cellular functions and prevents microbial growth. This makes it highly effective at low concentrations.

## Effective Preservative Properties

– **Extends product shelf life**: Bromopol can significantly prolong the usability of cosmetic and pharmaceutical products
– **Prevents microbial contamination**: Effectively inhibits the growth of bacteria and fungi
– **Stable in various formulations**: Works well in both aqueous and semi-solid preparations

## Low Toxicity at Use Levels

When used at recommended concentrations (typically 0.01-0.1% w/v), bromopol demonstrates **low mammalian toxicity**, making it safe for use in consumer products. The standard concentration for most applications is approximately 0.02% w/v.

## Formaldehyde-Releasing Alternative

Bromopol serves as an effective **substitute for formaldehyde** in many applications, providing similar preservative benefits with potentially less concern about formaldehyde exposure.

# What Are the Uses of Bromopol?

## Pharmaceutical Applications

Bromopol is widely used as an **antimicrobial preservative** in topical pharmaceutical formulations, including:
– Creams and ointments
– Lotions and gels
– Liquid preparations
– Eye drops (in some formulations)

## Cosmetic and Personal Care Products

The cosmetic industry extensively utilizes bromopol in:
– **Shampoos and conditioners**
– **Lotions and creams**
– **Makeup products**
– **Deodorants**
– **Toiletries**

## Industrial Applications

Beyond pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, bromopol finds application in:
– **Water cooling towers** (biocidal treatment)
– **Pulp and paper mills**
– **Wastewater treatment** systems
– **Metalworking fluids**
– **Polymer lattices** and emulsions
– **Leather preservation**

# Safety and Potential Side Effects

## Skin Sensitization

While bromopol is generally safe at recommended concentrations, it has been identified as a **potential skin allergen**. According to patch test data from 2005-2006, it was the 15th-most-prevalent allergen (3.4% of tested individuals). People with **sensitive skin** or a history of contact dermatitis should use products containing bromopol with caution.

## Regulatory Status

Bromopol is approved for use as a biocide in various applications within the European Economic Area (EEA) and Switzerland, specifically for:
– Disinfection
– Product preservation
– Preservation for liquid systems
– Controlling slimes

## Recommended Usage Levels

To ensure safety while maintaining effectiveness:
– **Typical concentration**: 0.02% w/v
– **Maximum concentration**: 0.1% w/v
– Always follow product-specific guidelines and regulatory requirements

# Chemical Specifications

| Property | Value |
|———-|——-|
| **CAS Number** | 52-51-7 |
| **Chemical Name** | 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol |
| **Molecular Formula** | C₃H₆BrNO₄ |
| **Molecular Weight** | 199.99 g/mol |
| **Appearance** | White to off-white crystalline solid |
| **Solubility** | Highly soluble in water and alcohols |

# Frequently Asked Questions

## Is bromopol safe for use in cosmetics?

Yes, when used at concentrations not exceeding 0.1% w/v, bromopol is considered safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products. However, individuals with known skin sensitivities should exercise caution.

## How does bromopol work as a preservative?

Bromopol works by oxidizing thiol groups in bacterial cells, which disrupts their metabolic processes and prevents reproduction. This antibacterial action is particularly effective against Gram-negative bacteria.

## Can bromopol be used as a formaldehyde substitute?

Yes, bromopol is often used as an alternative to formaldehyde because it provides similar preservative properties without releasing free formaldehyde.

## What is the shelf life of products containing bromopol?

Products preserved with bromopol typically have a significantly extended shelf life compared to unpreserved formulations, often lasting 2-3 years when stored properly.

# Why Choose Our Bromopol?

– **High purity grade** meeting pharmaceutical and cosmetic standards
– **Consistent quality** with rigorous quality control
– **Competitive pricing** for bulk orders
– **Reliable supply** from established chemical manufacturer
– **Technical support** available for formulation guidance

# Related Products

Explore our other high-quality preservatives and chemical intermediates:

– [Bromoacetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal (CAS 2032-35-1)](https://longchangextracts.com/product/bromoacetaldehyde-diethyl-acetal/) – Another important bromo-compound for organic synthesis
– [Bismuth Subsalicylate (CAS 14882-18-9)](https://longchangextracts.com/product/bismuth-subsalicylate/) – Pharmaceutical-grade preservative compound
– [Bronopol (CAS 52-51-7)](https://longchangextracts.com/product/bromopol/) – View this product in our catalog
– [Chlorobutanol (CAS 57-15-8)](https://longchangextracts.com/product/chlorobutanol/) – Alternative preservative for pharmaceutical use

Browse our complete catalog of [API products](https://longchangextracts.com/category/api/) and [Food Additives](https://longchangextracts.com/category/food-additives/) for all your chemical sourcing needs.