Research on the Chemical Components and Anti inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Spiny Bud Mouse Chestnut
The Acanthaceae family consists of approximately 229 genera and 3450 species. There are about 68 genera and 311 species in China, with the highest number of species in Yunnan region. There are over 30 species of Acanthus worldwide, of which three are distributed in China, namely Acanthus ilicifolius and Acanthus A Lecucostalhyus and Little Flower Mouse A ebracteatus。 In traditional Thai medicine, plants of the genus Loricaria are often used for diarrhea, anti-inflammatory, treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, fever reduction, anti abscess, anti ulcer, etc. Their leaves are used to treat rheumatism, snake bites, paralysis, and asthma, and can also be used as a tonic together with pepper. Thorn bud mouse pouch A lecucostachyus， Also known as toad flower, it is produced in southern Yunnan and mainly distributed in humid areas of dense forests at an altitude of 550-1150 meters in Xishuangbanna. It is also distributed in the Indochina Peninsula and India. The Dai name is “Pahangnan”, which is a traditional Dai medicine recorded in many Dai medical scriptures. It is mainly used to treat kidney stones. According to the “Chinese Dai Medicine Chronicles”, the prickly bud mouse has a mild and cool taste. It enters the water and earth tower, and returns to the kidney and bladder meridians. The whole plant has the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, diuresis, and fossilization when used as medicine. It is also decocted and taken together with shield wing vine, water rosewood, and kidney tea to treat chronic nephritis. Dai medicine has been using prickly bud mice to treat diseases for thousands of years, with clear therapeutic effects. It has been included as a legal medicinal herb in the 2005 edition of the third volume of Dai medicine “Yunnan Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Standards” and is one of the commonly used herbs in Dai medicine, with important medicinal value. Huo et al. reviewed that the chemical components of plants in the genus Ophiopogon both domestically and internationally are mainly lignans, phenylethanolic glycosides, flavonoids, triterpenoids, etc. Babu et al. demonstrated through pharmacological experiments that mouse ginseng leaves have antioxidant and anti-tumor activities. Although the prickly bud mouse gourd has been listed as a legal medicinal herb in Yunnan Province, the “Yunnan Province Chinese Herbal Medicine Standards” only provide identification of the medicinal herbs and thin plate chromatography, and the chemical composition and pharmacological activity of the prickly bud mouse gourd are still blank. Therefore, this article studied the chemical components of the prickly bud mouse gourd and screened its compounds for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, providing a basis for the medicinal use of prickly bud mouse gourd.

This study analyzed the chemical composition of the whole plant of the prickly bud mouse, and isolated and identified 13 compounds from the ethyl acetate fraction of the methanol extract. Among them, 5 alkaloids (including 1 and 6 benzoxazolinone alkaloids, 2 indole alkaloids, 7 β – caproline alkaloids, and 12 pyridine alkaloids), 2 phenylpropanoids, and 2 sterols were identified. Benzoxazolinone alkaloids are the main and characteristic components of the genus Muridae, which are the same as the chemical composition reported in literature for plants of the same genus. Under natural conditions, benzoxazolinone can also be degraded into benzoxazolinone, which is an important secondary metabolite in cereal crops. It can inhibit the growth of some seedlings by suppressing the photosynthetic phosphorylation of chloroplasts. Its development as a herbicide has broad application prospects. Carbazole alkaloids were isolated for the first time from plants of the genus Muridae. Carbazole is the main component of Rutaceae plants, which can not only insert DNA, but also inhibit telomerase and regulate protein phosphorylation. It plays an important role in natural product anti-cancer therapy. The catechol (3) in the compound not only showed good ability to scavenge DPPH free radicals, but also demonstrated good activity in vitro anti-inflammatory experiments. Ramalingam et al. also showed that catechol derivatives have good antioxidant activity, and their mechanism of action in treating chronic nephritis needs further research and exploration.