Research on the Chemical Components of Mongolian Medicine Muxu Xiang
The Mongolian medicine Tumu Xiang is the dried root of the plant Inula helenium L. in the Asteraceae family. It is a commonly used heat clearing medicine in Mongolian medicine, with a sweet, bitter, and pungent nature, a greasy, dry, sharp, heavy, and flat taste. It has the effects of clearing dry heat, relieving blood stasis, warming the middle and reducing food intake, strengthening the spleen and stimulating desire, and stopping stabbing pain. It is mainly used for treating immature heat, cold headache, nausea and chills, chest tightness and asthma caused by blood stasis, and lack of appetite. The Mongolian medicine compound “Siwei Tumuxiang San”, which uses this product as the main medicine, is the classic and basic formula for treating blast fever syndrome. In 1977, it was included in the “Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China” as a classic Mongolian medicine formula. This formula can be formed into 62 formulas by syndrome differentiation and modification, and has an important position and value in Mongolian medicine. More than 40 compounds have been isolated and identified in the aroma of Chinese medicine, mainly including sesquiterpene lactones, a small amount of flavonoids, amino acids, triterpenes, alkaloids, plant sterols, etc. The pharmacological effects are outstanding and effective, with multiple activities such as anti-tumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, deworming, analgesic, hepatoprotective, and hypoglycemic. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a more in-depth investigation of the traditional Chinese medicine “Chagan Tang” and extract more valuable active ingredients, in order to further prepare for the pharmacokinetic research of “Mugu Xiang” and lay a scientific theoretical basis for the study of the anti influenza drug substance basis of the Mongolian medicine compound “Chagan Tang”.

This experiment studied the chemical components of Mongolian medicinal herb Tumu Xiang, using ethyl acetate organic solvent extraction method, 10% silver nitrate silica gel column chromatography and thin layer chromatography, and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography for separation and purification. Based on physical and chemical properties and spectral techniques, 22 monomer compounds were identified, among which compounds 3 and 8 were of the gibberellin type, compounds 20-22 were fatty acids, and the rest were of the eucalyptol type. By using a lipophilic organic solvent ethyl acetate for extraction and separation of wood fragrance, although the extraction rate is low, it can target the volatile oil sesquiterpene lactones, which have the characteristics of strong specificity, high purity, and easy recovery and concentration. The silver nitrate silica gel column chromatography method can efficiently and rapidly separate and prepare the main components of coumarin and isocoumarin, which has the advantages of good separation effect, high purity, large yield, and simple operation. Silver nitrate is easily decomposed under light, so the experimental process is carried out in the dark.
The Mongolian medicine “Tumu Xiang” is widely used and has a long history, with sesquiterpene lactones being the main characteristic component. Through the study of the chemical composition of the ethyl acetate layer in Mongolian medicinal herb Tunxiang, we have gained a comprehensive understanding of the precious medicinal herb Tunxiang, providing a scientific basis for developing its medicinal value and formulating relevant quality standards. Mu Mu Xiang has a wide range of medicinal sources, low prices, few side effects, and significant therapeutic effects. In the future, further exploration of its effective active ingredients and in-depth study of its pharmacological activity can provide more accurate reference value for clinical applications.