Study on Chemical Components and Anti Osteoporosis Activity of Ma Wei Shen Jin Cao
There are over 12000 species of ferns worldwide, with over 2000 species distributed in China. The genus Lycaenopsis in the family Lycaenidae contains various medicinal plants. According to literature reports, plants of the genus Pinus are rich in various chemical components such as alkaloids, terpenes, steroids, phenols, and flavonoids. They have pharmacological activities such as inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity, cytotoxic activity, anti-inflammatory activity, inhibiting alpha glucosidase, and anti osteoporosis, and have broad development potential.
Lycopodium fargesii Hert. is a plant species in the family Pterocarpaceae, mainly distributed in Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, and Taiwan. Ponytail nerve grass is mainly used to treat traumatic injuries and joint swelling and pain. According to literature reports, there are a large number of volatile oils in the horsetail muscle grass. 74 compounds have been identified by GC-MS, mainly fatty acid compounds, followed by alkanes and alcohols. No other types of compounds have been reported in the literature. In order to search for active compounds, this study investigated the chemical composition of the ethyl acetate extract of the 95% ethanol extract of Radix Polygonatum sibiricum, and screened all isolated compounds for anti osteoporosis activity.

This paper conducted a systematic chemical composition study on the ethyl acetate extraction part of the 95% ethanol extract of the whole plant of Radix Polygonatum sibiricum. A total of 18 compounds were isolated and identified, including triterpenoids, flavonoids, coumarins, aldehydes, phenolic acids, fatty acids, oleic acids, fatty alcohols, hydrocarbons, and thiols, indicating that Radix Polygonatum sibiricum contains structurally diverse chemical components.
Using RANKL induced BMM cell model for anti osteoporosis activity evaluation, a compound 16 with potential anti osteoporosis activity was identified, with an IC50 value of 1.98 μ M. This was the first to reveal the active ingredient in Radix Polygonatum sibiricum that inhibits osteoporosis, laying the foundation for further drug development and utilization of Radix Polygonatum sibiricum resources.

The content of α – mangiferin isolated from Nepenthes macrophylla is high (4.5g/5kg), and literature reports indicate that α – mangiferin inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity, suggesting that Nepenthes macrophylla has potential application value in various diseases related to the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity.