Under certain conditions, two immiscible liquids, one with particles (droplets or liquid crystals) dispersed in the other in the formation of the system called emulsion. Emulsions are widely used in industrial and agricultural production, daily life and physiological phenomena. Emulsion is thermodynamically unstable system, in order to carry out emulsification and get a certain stability of the emulsion, to add a third substance that can reduce the interfacial energy ‘this substance is called emulsifier.<\/p>\n
The emulsifier is the key to the stability of the emulsion, mostly various types of surfactants. However, not all surfactants are suitable as emulsifiers, so how to choose emulsifiers in the preparation of emulsions becomes a key issue.<\/p>\n
According to the different properties of oil dispersed in water or water dispersed in oil, emulsifiers are roughly divided into water-in-oil (W\/O) type and oil-in-water (O\/W) type, and the stability of emulsification is mainly determined by the balance of hydrophilic and lipophilic groups in the molecules of emulsifiers. This balance is usually expressed as HLB value. This value is usually 1~20, the closer to 1 the more lipophilic, the closer to 20 the more hydrophilic.<\/p>\n
The role of food emulsifiers are mainly divided into three aspects: \u2460 reduce oil – water interfacial tension, promote emulsification, in the oil – water – emulsifier interface to form a phase equilibrium, stabilization of emulsifiers; \u2461 interaction with starch and protein and other components to improve the structure and rheological properties of the food; \u2462 improve the crystallization of the fat oil.<\/p>\n
Summary of HLB value of commonly used emulsifiers<\/strong><\/p>\n Trade name<\/p>\n Chinese Name<\/p>\n Type<\/p>\n HLB<\/p>\n —<\/p>\n Oleic acid<\/p>\n Anion<\/p>\n 1<\/p>\n Span 85<\/p>\n Sorbitan trioleate, anhydrous<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 1.8<\/p>\n Arlacel 85<\/p>\n Sorbitan trioleate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 1.8<\/p>\n Atlas G-1706<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene sorbitol beeswax derivative<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 2<\/p>\n Span 65<\/p>\n Sorbitan tristearate, anhydrous<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 2.1<\/p>\n Arlacel 65<\/p>\n Sorbitan tristearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 2.1<\/p>\n Atlas G-1050<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene sorbitan hexastearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 2.6<\/p>\n Emcol EO-50<\/p>\n Ethylene Glycol Fatty Acid Ester<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 2.7<\/p>\n Emcol ES-50<\/p>\n Ethylene glycol fatty acid ester<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 2.7<\/p>\n Atlas G-1704<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene sorbitol beeswax derivative<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 3<\/p>\n Emcol PO-50<\/p>\n Propylene glycol fatty acid ester<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 3.4<\/p>\n Atlas G-922<\/p>\n Propylene glycol monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 3.4<\/p>\n \u201cPure\u201d<\/p>\n Propylene Glycol Monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 3.4<\/p>\n Atlas G-2158<\/p>\n Propylene Glycol Monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 3.4<\/p>\n Emcol PS-50<\/p>\n Propylene Glycol Fatty Acid Ester<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 3.4<\/p>\n Emcol EL-50<\/p>\n Ethylene glycol fatty acid ester<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 3.6<\/p>\n Emcol PP-50<\/p>\n Propylene glycol fatty acid ester<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 3.7<\/p>\n Arlacel C<\/p>\n Sorbitan sesquioleate, anhydrous<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 3.7<\/p>\n Arlacel 83<\/p>\n Sorbitan sesquioleate, anhydrous<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 3.7<\/p>\n AtlasG-2859<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene sorbitan 4.5 oleate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 3.7<\/p>\n Atmul 67<\/p>\n Glycerol monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 3.8<\/p>\n Atmul 84<\/p>\n Glycerol monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 3.8<\/p>\n Tegin 515<\/p>\n Glycerol monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 3.8<\/p>\n Aldo 33<\/p>\n Glycerol monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 3.8<\/p>\n \u201cPure\u201d<\/p>\n Glycerol monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 3.8<\/p>\n Ohlan<\/p>\n Hydroxylated lanolin<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 4<\/p>\n AriasG-1727<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene sorbitol beeswax derivative<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 4<\/p>\n Emcol PM-50<\/p>\n Propylene glycol fatty acid ester<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 4.1<\/p>\n Span 80<\/p>\n Sorbitan monooleate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 4.3<\/p>\n Arlacel 80<\/p>\n Sorbitan monooleate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 4.3<\/p>\n Atlas G-917<\/p>\n Propylene glycol monolaurate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 4.5<\/p>\n AtlasG-385l<\/p>\n Propylene glycol monolaurate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 4.5<\/p>\n EmcolPL-50<\/p>\n Propylene Glycol Fatty Acid Ester<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 4.5<\/p>\n Span 60<\/p>\n Sorbitan monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 4.7<\/p>\n Arlacel 60<\/p>\n Sorbitan monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 4.7<\/p>\n AtlasG-2139<\/p>\n Diethylene glycol monooleate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 4.7<\/p>\n Emcol DO-50<\/p>\n Diethylene glycol fatty acid ester<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 4.7<\/p>\n AtlasG-2146<\/p>\n Diethylene glycol monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 4.7<\/p>\n Emcol DS-50<\/p>\n Diethylene glycol fatty acid ester<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 4.7<\/p>\n Ameroxol OE-2<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene (2EO) oleyl ether<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 5<\/p>\n AtlasG-1702<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene sorbitol beeswax derivative<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 5<\/p>\n Emcol DP-50<\/p>\n Diethylene glycol fatty acid ester<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 5.1<\/p>\n Aldo 28<\/p>\n Glycerol monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 5.5<\/p>\n Tegin<\/p>\n Glycerol monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 5.5<\/p>\n Emcol DM-50<\/p>\n Diethylene glycol fatty acid ester<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 5.6<\/p>\n Glucate-SS<\/p>\n Methyl glucoside sesquistearate casein<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 6<\/p>\n AtlasG-1725<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene sorbitol beeswax derivative<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 6<\/p>\n AtlasG-2124<\/p>\n Diethylene glycol monolaurate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 6.1<\/p>\n Emcol DL-50<\/p>\n Diethylene glycol fatty acid ester<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 6.1<\/p>\n Glaurin<\/p>\n Diethylene glycol monolaurate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 6.5<\/p>\n Span 40<\/p>\n Sorbitan monopalmitate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 6.7<\/p>\n Arlacel 40<\/p>\n Sorbitan monopalmitate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 6.7<\/p>\n AtlasG-2242<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene dioleate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 7.5<\/p>\n AtlasG-2147<\/p>\n Tetraethylene glycol monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 7.7<\/p>\n AtlasG-2140<\/p>\n Tetraethylene glycol monooleate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 7.7<\/p>\n AtlasG-2800<\/p>\n Polyoxypropylene mannitol dioleate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 8<\/p>\n Atlas G-1493<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene sorbitan lanolin oleic acid derivative<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 8<\/p>\n Atlas G-1425<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene sorbitol lanolin derivative<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 8<\/p>\n Atlas G-3608<\/p>\n Polyoxypropylene stearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 8<\/p>\n Solulan 5<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene (5EO) lanolin ether<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 8<\/p>\n Span 20<\/p>\n Sorbitan Laurate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 8.6<\/p>\n Arlacel 20<\/p>\n Sorbitan Laurate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 8.6<\/p>\n Emulphor VN-430<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene fatty acid<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 8.6<\/p>\n Atbs G-2111<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene oxypropylene oleate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 9<\/p>\n Atlas G-1734<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene sorbitol beeswax derivative<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 9<\/p>\n Atlas G-2125<\/p>\n Tetraethylene glycol monolaurate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 9.4<\/p>\n Brij 30<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene Lauryl Ether<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 9.5<\/p>\n Tween 61<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene (4EO) sorbitan monostearate anhydrous<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 9.6<\/p>\n Atlas G-2154<\/p>\n Hexaethylene Glycol Monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 9.6<\/p>\n Splulan PB-5<\/p>\n Polyoxypropylene (5PO) lanolin ether<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 10<\/p>\n Tween 81<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene(5EO) sorbitan monooleate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 10<\/p>\n Atlas G-1218<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene esters of mixed fatty acids and resin acids<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 10.2<\/p>\n Atlas G-3806<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene cetyl ether<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 10.3<\/p>\n Tween 65<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene (20EO) sorbitan tristearate anhydrous<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 10.5<\/p>\n Atlas G-3705<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene Lauryl Ether<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 10.8<\/p>\n Tween 85<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene (20EO) Sorbitan Trioleate Anhydrous<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 11<\/p>\n Atlas G-2116<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene Oxypropylene Oleate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 11<\/p>\n Atlas G-1790<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene lanolin derivative<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 11<\/p>\n Atlas G-2142<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene monooleate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 11.1<\/p>\n Myrj 45<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene monostearate<\/p>\n nonionic<\/p>\n 11.1<\/p>\n Atlas G-2141<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene monooleate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 11.4<\/p>\n P.E.G.400 monooleate<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene monooleate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 11.4<\/p>\n Atlas G-2076<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene monopalmitate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 11.6<\/p>\n S-541<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 11.6<\/p>\n P.E.G.400 monostearate<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 11.6<\/p>\n Atlas G-3300<\/p>\n Alkaryl sulfonate<\/p>\n Anionic<\/p>\n 11.7<\/p>\n –<\/p>\n Triethanolamine oleate<\/p>\n anionic<\/p>\n 12<\/p>\n Ameroxl OE-10<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene (10EO) oleyl ether<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 12<\/p>\n Atlas G-2127<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene monolaurate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 12.8<\/p>\n Igepal CA-630<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 12.8<\/p>\n Solulan 98<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene (10EO) acetylated lanolin derivative<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 13<\/p>\n Atlas G-1431<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene sorbitol lanolin derivative<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 13<\/p>\n Atlas G-1690<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 13<\/p>\n S-307<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene monolaurate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 13.1<\/p>\n P.E.G 400 monolurate<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene monolaurate<\/p>\n Non-ionic<\/p>\n 13.1<\/p>\n Atlas G-2133<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene Lauryl Ether<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 13.1<\/p>\n Atlas G-1794<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene castor oil<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 13.3<\/p>\n Emulphor EL-719<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene Vegetable Oil<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 13.3<\/p>\n Tween 21<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene (4EO) Sorbitan Monolaurate Anhydrous<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 13.3<\/p>\n Renex 20<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene ester with fatty acids and resin acids<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 13.5<\/p>\n Atlas G-1441<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene sorbitol lanolin derivative<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 14<\/p>\n Solulan C-24<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene (24EO) cholesteryl ether<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 14 Solulan PB-20<\/p>\n Solulan PB-20<\/p>\n Polyoxypropylene(20PO) lanolin ether<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 14<\/p>\n NP10<\/p>\n TX10<\/p>\n Non-ionic<\/p>\n 14.5<\/p>\n Atlas G-7596j<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate anhydrous<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 14.9<\/p>\n Tween 60<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene (20EO) sorbitan monostearate anhydrous<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 14.9<\/p>\n Ameroxol OE-20<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene (20EO) oleyl ether<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 15<\/p>\n Glucamate SSE-20<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene(20EO)methyl glucoside sesquioleate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 15 Glucamate<\/p>\n Solulan 16<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene(16EO) lanolin ether<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 15<\/p>\n Solulan 25<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene(25EO) lanolin ether<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 15<\/p>\n Solulan 97<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene (9EO) acetylated lanolin derivative<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 15<\/p>\n Tween 80<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene (20EO) Sorbitan Monooleate Anhydrous<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 15<\/p>\n Myrj 49<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 15<\/p>\n Altlas G-2144<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene monooleate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 15.1<\/p>\n Atlas G-3915<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene oleyl ether<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 15.3<\/p>\n Atlas G-3720<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene octadecanol<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 15.3<\/p>\n Atlas G-3920<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene oleyl alcohol<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 15.4<\/p>\n Emulphor ON-870<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 15.4<\/p>\n Atlas G-2079<\/p>\n Polyethylene Glycol Monopalmitate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 15.5<\/p>\n Tween 40<\/p>\n Polyethylene Oxide (20EO) Sorbitan Monopalmitate Anhydrous<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 15.6<\/p>\n Atlas G-3820<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene Cetyl Alcohol<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 15.7<\/p>\n Atlas G-2162<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene oxypropylene stearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 15.7<\/p>\n Atlas G-1741<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene sorbitol lanolin derivative<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 16<\/p>\n Myrj 51<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 16<\/p>\n Atlas G-7596P<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene anhydrous sorbitan monolaurate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 16.3<\/p>\n Atlas G-2129<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene monolaurate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 16.3<\/p>\n Atlas G-3930<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene oleyl ether<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 16.6<\/p>\n Tween 20<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene (20EO) Sorbitan Monolaurate Anhydrous<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 16.7<\/p>\n Brij 35<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene Lauryl Ether<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 16.9<\/p>\n Myrj 52<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 16.9<\/p>\n Myrj 53<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 17.9<\/p>\n -Sodium oleate<\/p>\n Sodium oleate<\/p>\n Anionic<\/p>\n 18<\/p>\n Atlas G-2159<\/p>\n Polyoxyethylene Monostearate<\/p>\n Nonionic<\/p>\n 18.8<\/p>\n -Potassium Oleate<\/p>\n Potassium oleate<\/p>\n Anionic<\/p>\n 20<\/p>\n Atlas G-263<\/p>\n Sodium N-hexadecyl-N-ethylmorpholinoethyl sulfate<\/p>\n Cationic<\/p>\n 25-30<\/p>\n Texapon K-12<\/p>\n Pure sodium lauryl sulfate<\/p>\n Anionic<\/p>\n 40<\/p>\n HLB value and selection of the optimal emulsifier[1]<\/strong><\/p>\n Each emulsifier has a specific HLB value, and it is often difficult for a single emulsifier to meet the emulsification requirements of a multi-component system. Usually, a variety of emulsifiers with different HLB values are mixed together to form a hybrid emulsifier, which can not only meet the requirements of complex systems, but also greatly improve the emulsification effect. To emulsify an oil-water system, the following steps can be taken to select the best emulsifier.<\/p>\n I. Determination of optimal HLB value for oil-water system<\/strong><\/p>\n Select a pair of emulsifiers with large differences in HLB values, for example, Span-60 (HLB = 4.3) and Tween-80 (HLB = 15), formulated into a series of mixed emulsifiers with different HLB values in different proportions, and then use this series of mixed emulsifiers to make a series of emulsions from a specified oil-water system. The emulsification efficiency of each emulsion (can be represented by the stability time of the emulsion, can also be represented by other stable properties), and the calculated HLB of the mixed emulsifier, graph, a bell-shaped curve, and the curve with the highest peak of the corresponding HLB value that is emulsifying the specified system of the required HLB value.<\/p>\n Obviously, the most suitable HLB value can be obtained by using a mixed emulsifier, but this emulsifier may not be the best efficiency. The efficiency of an emulsifier means that the concentration of emulsifier required to stabilize the specified emulsion is the lowest and cheapest. The emulsifier that is expensive but requires much lower concentration may also be more efficient than the emulsifier that is cheaper and more concentrated.<\/p>\n II. Determination of emulsifier<\/strong><\/p>\n On the premise of maintaining the required HLB value of the selected emulsification system, several pairs of emulsifiers are selected and mixed so that the HLB value of each mixed emulsifier is the value determined by the above method. The specified system is emulsified with these emulsifiers, the stability is measured, and the emulsification efficiency is compared until the most efficient pair of emulsifiers is found.<\/p>\n It is worth noting that the concentration of the emulsifiers is not mentioned here, but this does not affect this method of selection, since the HLB value required for the preparation of a stable emulsion has little to do with the concentration of the emulsifiers. It is in the region of emulsion instability, when the emulsifier concentration is very low or the concentration of the internal phase is too high, that this method is affected [2].<\/p>\n When selecting an emulsifier using the HLB method, not only the optimum HLB value should be considered, but also the affinity of the emulsifier to the dispersed phase and the dispersing medium should be taken into account. An ideal emulsifier should not only have a strong affinity with the oil phase, but also have a strong affinity with the aqueous phase.<\/p>\n By mixing an emulsifier with a small HLB value with an emulsifier with a large HLB value, a mixed film is formed with a strong affinity for both the oil phase and the water phase, which can take care of both requirements at the same time. Therefore, the use of mixed emulsifiers is more effective than the use of a single emulsifier.<\/p>\n To summarize, the method of deciding the emulsifier formula required for emulsification of a specified system is to choose a pair of emulsifiers arbitrarily, change the mixing ratio within a certain range, and then change the types and ratios of the compound emulsifiers to get the highest HLB value, but still need to maintain the required HLB value, until the highest efficiency of the compound emulsifier is found.<\/p>\n In the preparation of stabilized emulsions, the selection of the most suitable emulsifier to achieve the best emulsification effect is the key issue. There is no perfect theory for the selection of emulsifiers.<\/p>\n The HLB value of surfactants has great value in selecting emulsifiers and determining the dosage of compound emulsifiers, and its advantage is mainly reflected in its additivity, which can be calculated simply; the problem is that other factors are not taken into account on the HLB value, especially the influence of temperature, which is especially prominent in the nonionic emulsifiers with great dosage in recent years.<\/p>\n In addition, the HLB value can only roughly predict the type of emulsion to be formed, and cannot give the concentration of emulsifier at the time of optimal emulsification, nor can it predict the stability of the resulting emulsion. Therefore, applying the HLB value to select emulsifiers is a more effective method, but it also has certain limitations and needs to be referred to in combination with other methods in practical applications.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Under certain conditions, two immiscible liquids, one with particles (droplets or liquid crystals) dispersed in the other in the formation of the system called emulsion. Emulsions are widely used in industrial and agricultural production, daily life and physiological phenomena. Emulsion is thermodynamically unstable system, in order to carry out emulsification and get a certain stability […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n