A D\u00e9l-k\u00ednai-tengerb\u0151l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 tengeri Streptomyces sp. rssa1 k\u00e9miai \u00f6sszetev\u0151i
\nA tengeri aktinomicit\u00e1k az \u00e9rt\u00e9kes gy\u00f3gy\u00e1szati mikrobi\u00e1lis er\u0151forr\u00e1sok egy oszt\u00e1ly\u00e1t alkotj\u00e1k, amelyek sz\u00e1mos bioakt\u00edv anyagot k\u00e9pesek el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edtani k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 szerkezeti t\u00edpusokkal, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul makrolidok, alkaloidok, peptidek, kinonok stb. Nagy potenci\u00e1llal rendelkeznek az antibakteri\u00e1lis vegy\u00fcletek felt\u00e1r\u00e1s\u00e1ban. Schinke \u00e9s munkat\u00e1rsai meg\u00e1llap\u00edtott\u00e1k, hogy a 2010 \u00e9s 2015 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt tengeri bakt\u00e9riumokb\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 antibakteri\u00e1lis vegy\u00fcletek k\u00f6z\u00fcl 69% tengeri aktinomyc\u00e9t\u00e1kb\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmazott. A tengeri k\u00f6rnyezet egyedi jellege miatt a tengeri aktinomicit\u00e1k fiziol\u00f3giai, biok\u00e9miai \u00e9s genetikai h\u00e1tt\u00e9rjellemz\u0151kben k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6znek a sz\u00e1razf\u00f6ldi aktinomicit\u00e1kt\u00f3l, \u00edgy rendk\u00edv\u00fcl \u00edg\u00e9retes a tengeri aktinomicit\u00e1kb\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 akt\u00edv molekul\u00e1k keres\u00e9se.<\/p>\n
Az elm\u00falt \u00e9vekben kutat\u00f3csoportunk a D\u00e9l-k\u00ednai-tenger tengeri \u00e9l\u0151l\u00e9nyeinek szimbionta \u00e9s epifita aktinomyc\u00e9t\u00e1ib\u00f3l \u00faj szerkezet\u0171 akt\u00edv molekul\u00e1kat tal\u00e1lt. Nemr\u00e9giben izol\u00e1ltunk \u00e9s \u00e1tvil\u00e1g\u00edtottunk egy tengeri streptomyces sp. rssa1 t\u00f6rzset antibakteri\u00e1lis aktivit\u00e1ssal a k\u00ednai Hainanban, a Xisha-szigetekr\u0151l gy\u0171jt\u00f6tt korallmint\u00e1kb\u00f3l, de antibakteri\u00e1lis anyagai nem egy\u00e9rtelm\u0171ek. A t\u00f6rzs \u00e1ltal termelt hat\u00f3anyagok felt\u00e1r\u00e1sa \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben ez a cikk el\u0151sz\u00f6r rizs szil\u00e1rd t\u00e1ptalajt haszn\u00e1lt szil\u00e1rd ferment\u00e1ci\u00f3hoz, szisztematikusan tanulm\u00e1nyozta ferment\u00e1ci\u00f3s term\u00e9keinek k\u00e9miai \u00f6sszet\u00e9tel\u00e9t, \u00e9s sz\u0171rte aktivit\u00e1s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n
Az aktinobakt\u00e9riumok az \u00e9rt\u00e9kes gy\u00f3gy\u00e1szati mikroorganizmusok oszt\u00e1ly\u00e1t alkotj\u00e1k, \u00e9s az eddig felfedezett term\u00e9szetes antibiotikumok k\u00f6zel k\u00e9tharmada aktinomicet\u00e1kb\u00f3l, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen a Streptomycesb\u0151l sz\u00e1rmazik. Ebben a cikkben 10 vegy\u00fcletet izol\u00e1ltak \u00e9s azonos\u00edtottak a korallb\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 Streptomyces sp. rssa1 metabolitjaib\u00f3l. K\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fck az 1. \u00e9s 2. vegy\u00fclet tetraciklin A \u00e9s B volt, a 3. vegy\u00fclet pedig egy benzonaftokinon vegy\u00fclet, a kanglemycin M. Az aktivit\u00e1si sz\u0171r\u00e9s kimutatta, hogy citotoxikus aktivit\u00e1ssal rendelkezik RAW 264.7 makrof\u00e1gokkal szemben, tov\u00e1bb gazdag\u00edtva a tengeri aktinomicit\u00e1k term\u00e9szetes term\u00e9kk\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r\u00e1t K\u00edn\u00e1ban. A 4. vegy\u00fclet egy diketopiperazin vegy\u00fclet, amely a diketopiperazin egyik t\u00edpusa. Li \u00e9s munkat\u00e1rsai arr\u00f3l sz\u00e1moltak be, hogy a vegy\u00fclet fon\u00e1lf\u00e9reg-\u00f6l\u0151 aktivit\u00e1ssal rendelkezik, a fon\u00e1lf\u00e9reggel (Panagrellus redivivus) szembeni 48 \u00f3r\u00e1s hal\u00e1loz\u00e1si ar\u00e1ny 40% volt. Ez a cikk az els\u0151, amely tengeri Streptomycesb\u0151l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3, nemat\u00f3da\u00f6l\u0151 aktivit\u00e1ssal rendelkez\u0151 4. vegy\u00fcletet fedezett fel, ami azt jelzi, hogy a bakt\u00e9rium \u00e9rt\u00e9kes lehet a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyi gy\u00f6k\u00e9rgomb\u00e1sod\u00e1si betegs\u00e9gek megel\u0151z\u00e9s\u00e9ben \u00e9s lek\u00fczd\u00e9s\u00e9ben. Azt is meg\u00e1llap\u00edtott\u00e1k, hogy a vegy\u00fclet gyenge g\u00e1tl\u00f3 hat\u00e1ssal rendelkezik a Vibrio alginolyticus ellen, ami t\u00e1mpontokat ad a v\u00edzi Vibrio-betegs\u00e9gek megel\u0151z\u00e9s\u00e9re \u00e9s lek\u00fczd\u00e9s\u00e9re szolg\u00e1l\u00f3 gy\u00f3gyszerek kifejleszt\u00e9s\u00e9hez. Az 5-10 vegy\u00fcletek gyakori indol- vagy benzol tartalm\u00fa egyszer\u0171 vegy\u00fcletek. K\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fck a 7. vegy\u00fclet, amelyet el\u0151sz\u00f6r Jin \u00e9s munkat\u00e1rsai fedeztek fel a Salsola n\u00f6v\u00e9nyb\u0151l, er\u0151s \u03b1 - amil\u00e1z g\u00e1tl\u00f3 hat\u00e1ssal rendelkezik, g\u00e1tl\u00e1si r\u00e1t\u00e1ja 44% 0,556 mg\/ml koncentr\u00e1ci\u00f3ban.<\/p>\n
Polyene macrolides are a class of highly effective and broad-spectrum antifungal antibiotics, such as natamycin, which can inhibit mold and yeast, and are used as natural food preservatives and antibacterial additives due to their good physicochemical stability. The compounds 1 and 2 isolated in this study were identified as tetracycline A and B, respectively. Both compounds have a lactone ring skeleton composed of 25 carbon atoms, with 4 conjugated double bonds and multiple hydroxyl groups on the ring. The 15th hydroxyl group is connected to an amino sugar through a glycosidic bond. The currently discovered tetracycline producing bacteria are all Streptomyces actinomycetes, first discovered by Dornberger et al. from Streptomyces noursei, and they have strong inhibitory effects on agricultural pathogenic fungi such as alfalfa root rot fungus and rice blast fungus. However, due to the unstable chemical structure of tetracycline A and B under sunlight, they are sensitive to ultraviolet radiation, which limits their direct application in agricultural production. Zhang et al. found that tetracycline A and B have good bactericidal effects on Aspergillus flavus at lower concentrations, with the lowest bactericidal concentrations being 3.13 and 12.56 \u03bc g\/mL, respectively. Experimental antimicrobial activity does not establish that a compound is free of adverse effects in mammals or authorized for use in food or feed. Those conclusions require substance-specific toxicology and an assessment of the intended use.<\/span> This article for the first time discovered tetracycline A and tetracycline B, which are highly effective antifungal compounds, from the Streptomyces strain rssa1 derived from coral in the South China Sea. As many studies have shown that they have good application prospects in the fields of medicine and agricultural disease control, this bacterium may be an important strain resource for developing efficient, low toxicity drugs and green biocontrol agents. This discovery also provides important clues for searching for actinomycete resources with medicinal and agricultural value from tropical marine organisms in China.<\/p>\n