{"id":5806,"date":"2024-08-04T21:25:24","date_gmt":"2024-08-04T21:25:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/?p=5806"},"modified":"2024-08-04T21:25:24","modified_gmt":"2024-08-04T21:25:24","slug":"streptomyces-using-non-directed-activation-silencing-gene-clusters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/hu\/streptomyces-using-non-directed-activation-silencing-gene-clusters\/","title":{"rendered":"A Streptomyces akt\u00edv m\u00e1sodlagos anyagcsereterm\u00e9keinek b\u00e1ny\u00e1szat\u00e1ban el\u00e9rt kutat\u00e1si eredm\u00e9nyek nem ir\u00e1ny\u00edtott aktiv\u00e1ci\u00f3s csendes\u00edt\u0151 g\u00e9nklaszterek felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1val"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A Streptomyces akt\u00edv m\u00e1sodlagos anyagcsereterm\u00e9keinek b\u00e1ny\u00e1szat\u00e1ban el\u00e9rt kutat\u00e1si eredm\u00e9nyek nem ir\u00e1ny\u00edtott aktiv\u00e1ci\u00f3s csendes\u00edt\u0151 g\u00e9nklaszterek felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1val<br \/>\nA mikrobi\u00e1lis m\u00e1sodlagos metabolitok a szerkezetileg v\u00e1ltozatos, funkcion\u00e1lisan \u00f6sszetett \u00e9s biol\u00f3giailag akt\u00edv anyagok egy oszt\u00e1ly\u00e1t alkotj\u00e1k, amelyek fontos szerepet j\u00e1tszanak a gy\u00f3gyszerkutat\u00e1sban \u00e9s -fejleszt\u00e9sben. Mostan\u00e1ig k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 300000 vegy\u00fcletet azonos\u00edtottak mikroorganizmusokb\u00f3l, ebb\u0151l t\u00f6bb mint 60% antibiotikum a Streptomycesb\u0151l sz\u00e1rmazik. A nagysz\u00e1m\u00fa m\u00e1sodlagos metabolit izol\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1val azonban cs\u00f6kken a val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171s\u00e9ge annak, hogy jelent\u0151s biol\u00f3giai aktivit\u00e1s\u00fa \u00e9s \u00faj szerkezet\u0171 antibiotikumokat fedezzenek fel a Streptomycesb\u0151l. Az elm\u00falt \u00e9vekben a genomszekven\u00e1l\u00e1si technol\u00f3gia sz\u00e9les k\u00f6r\u0171 alkalmaz\u00e1s\u00e1val a mikrobi\u00e1lis szekven\u00e1l\u00e1sban nagy mennyis\u00e9g\u0171 Streptomyces genom inform\u00e1ci\u00f3 ker\u00fclt nyilv\u00e1noss\u00e1gra. A Streptomyces genomadatok bioinformatikai elemz\u00e9s\u00e9vel meg\u00e1llap\u00edtott\u00e1k, hogy a g\u00e9nek nagy r\u00e9sze m\u00e9g mindig csendes \u00e1llapotban van, ami azt jelzi, hogy m\u00e9g mindig nagysz\u00e1m\u00fa potenci\u00e1lis m\u00e1sodlagos metabolitot nem fedeztek fel. A hagyom\u00e1nyos termeszt\u00e9si k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek miatt a Streptomyces bioszintetikus g\u00e9ncsoportjai nem aktiv\u00e1l\u00f3dtak hat\u00e9konyan, ami azt eredm\u00e9nyezi, hogy egyedi anyagcsere\u00fatvonalaik gyakran kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 vagy egy\u00e1ltal\u00e1n nem fejez\u0151dnek ki. Ez\u00e9rt nagy jelent\u0151s\u00e9ggel b\u00edr az \u00faj akt\u00edv m\u00e1sodlagos anyagcsereterm\u00e9kek felt\u00e1r\u00e1sa a Streptomyces csendes g\u00e9nklaszter\u00e9nek aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1val.<br \/>\nA Streptomycesben a csendes\u00edt\u0151 g\u00e9nek expresszi\u00f3j\u00e1nak aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1sa \u00e9s akt\u00edvabb m\u00e1sodlagos metabolitok felfedez\u00e9se \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben eddig k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 m\u00f3dszereket fejlesztettek ki \u00e9s alkalmaztak a csendes\u00edt\u0151 g\u00e9nklaszterek aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ra. Az \u00e1ltal\u00e1nosan haszn\u00e1lt strat\u00e9gi\u00e1k k\u00e9t kateg\u00f3ri\u00e1ba sorolhat\u00f3k: Az egyik a nem ir\u00e1ny\u00edtott aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1si strat\u00e9gia, amely a Streptomyces-t a t\u00e1ptalaj \u00f6sszet\u00e9tel\u00e9nek (sz\u00e9nforr\u00e1s, nitrog\u00e9nforr\u00e1s, nyomelemek, k\u00e9miai aktiv\u00e1torok), a t\u00f6rzs n\u00f6veked\u00e9si k\u00f6rnyezet\u00e9nek (h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet, pH, leveg\u0151ztet\u00e9s, tart\u00e1ly t\u00edpusa) vagy a mikrobi\u00e1lis ko-kult\u00far\u00e1nak a megv\u00e1ltoztat\u00e1s\u00e1val k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 metabolitok termel\u00e9s\u00e9re k\u00e9szteti; Egy m\u00e1sik t\u00edpus a c\u00e9lzott aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1si strat\u00e9gia, amely g\u00e9nszerkeszt\u00e9si technol\u00f3gi\u00e1t (CRISPR-Cas9), specifikus g\u00e9ncsoportok c\u00e9lzott aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t (prom\u00f3ter-technol\u00f3gia, \u00fatvonalspecifikus szab\u00e1lyoz\u00f3 faktorok aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1sa, heterol\u00f3g expresszi\u00f3) \u00e9s m\u00e1s eszk\u00f6z\u00f6ket haszn\u00e1l, hogy lehet\u0151v\u00e9 tegye az eln\u00e9m\u00edtott g\u00e9nek kifejez\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9t a Streptomycesben. A c\u00e9lzott aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1si strat\u00e9gi\u00e1khoz k\u00e9pest a nem c\u00e9lzott aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1si strat\u00e9gi\u00e1k nem ig\u00e9nylik a c\u00e9lt\u00f6rzs genetikai manipul\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer\u00e9nek l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s\u00e1t, \u00edgy el\u0151ny\u00fck az egyszer\u0171 m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s \u00e9s a t\u00f6bb bioszintetikus g\u00e9nklaszter egyidej\u0171 aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1nak k\u00e9pess\u00e9ge (egy adott bioszintetikus g\u00e9nklaszter helyett), ami sz\u00e9lesebb k\u00f6rben alkalmazhat\u00f3v\u00e1 teszi \u0151ket. Ez a cikk r\u00f6vid \u00e1ttekint\u00e9st ny\u00fajt a Streptomycesben a g\u00e9nek eln\u00e9m\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra szolg\u00e1l\u00f3 nem ir\u00e1ny\u00edtott aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1si strat\u00e9gi\u00e1kr\u00f3l, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a t\u00e1ptalaj \u00f6sszet\u00e9tel\u00e9nek vagy a teny\u00e9szt\u00e9si k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyeknek a megv\u00e1ltoztat\u00e1sa, a ko-kult\u00fara strat\u00e9gi\u00e1k, a k\u00e9miai aktiv\u00e1torok hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1sa \u00e9s a glob\u00e1lis szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s (l\u00e1sd az 1. \u00e1br\u00e1t), \u00e9s ismerteti az e ter\u00fcleten felmer\u00fcl\u0151 probl\u00e9m\u00e1kat \u00e9s a j\u00f6v\u0151beli fejleszt\u00e9si kil\u00e1t\u00e1sokat.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5807\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1-177.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"315\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1-177.png 800w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/1-177-768x302.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5808\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/2-163.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"806\" height=\"424\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/2-163.png 806w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/2-163-768x404.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5809\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/3-153.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"806\" height=\"382\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/3-153.png 806w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/3-153-768x364.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5810\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/4-137.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"806\" height=\"692\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/4-137.png 806w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/4-137-768x659.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5811\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/5-124.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"806\" height=\"734\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/5-124.png 806w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/5-124-768x699.png 768w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/5-124-791x720.png 791w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5812\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/6-114.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"806\" height=\"352\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/6-114.png 806w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/6-114-768x335.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5813\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/7-104.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"806\" height=\"312\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/7-104.png 806w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/7-104-768x297.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5814\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/8-95.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"806\" height=\"498\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/8-95.png 806w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/8-95-768x475.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5815\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/9-89.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"806\" height=\"561\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/9-89.png 806w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/9-89-768x535.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5816\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/10-71.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"806\" height=\"646\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/10-71.png 806w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/10-71-768x616.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5817\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/11-65.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"806\" height=\"285\" srcset=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/11-65.png 806w, https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/11-65-768x272.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" \/><br \/>\nAz antibiotikumok felfedez\u00e9se jelent\u0151s m\u00e9rf\u00f6ldk\u0151 az orvostudom\u00e1ny fejl\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9nek t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9ben, mivel nagym\u00e9rt\u00e9kben cs\u00f6kkentette a bakteri\u00e1lis fert\u0151z\u00e9sek el\u0151fordul\u00e1s\u00e1t \u00e9s hal\u00e1loz\u00e1s\u00e1t. Jelenleg a felfedezett antibiotikumok mintegy 60%-j\u00e9t a Streptomyces termeli. Az antibiotikumok sz\u00e9lesk\u00f6r\u0171 haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val azonban egyre ink\u00e1bb el\u0151t\u00e9rbe ker\u00fclnek a rezisztencia \u00e9s a szuperbakt\u00e9riumok probl\u00e9m\u00e1i. A gy\u00f3gyszerrezisztencia \u00e9s a szuperbakt\u00e9riumok probl\u00e9m\u00e1inak kezel\u00e9se \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben s\u00fcrg\u0151sen \u00faj antibiotikumokat kell felfedezn\u00fcnk. A Streptomyces genom adatainak bioinformatikai elemz\u00e9se sor\u00e1n meg\u00e1llap\u00edtott\u00e1k, hogy a g\u00e9nek jelent\u0151s r\u00e9sze n\u00e9ma \u00e1llapotban van. Ez\u00e9rt a Streptomycesben az elhallgatott g\u00e9ncsoportok aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1sa jelenleg az egyik fontos k\u00e9rd\u00e9s. Egyre t\u00f6bb tud\u00f3s vette \u00e9szre a Streptomycesben rejl\u0151 potenci\u00e1lt \u00faj vegy\u00fcletek felfedez\u00e9s\u00e9ben, \u00e9s elkezdt\u00e9k tanulm\u00e1nyozni, hogyan lehet stimul\u00e1lni az eln\u00e9m\u00edtott g\u00e9ncsoportok aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p>Aszerint, hogy az aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1s c\u00e9lg\u00e9nje egy\u00e9rtelm\u0171-e, a jelenlegi aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1si strat\u00e9gi\u00e1kat ir\u00e1ny\u00edtott \u00e9s nem ir\u00e1ny\u00edtott aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1si strat\u00e9gi\u00e1kra osztjuk. A nem ir\u00e1ny\u00edtott aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1si strat\u00e9gi\u00e1k k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartoznak a t\u00e1ptalaj \u00f6sszet\u00e9tel\u00e9t vagy k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyeit megv\u00e1ltoztat\u00f3 aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1si strat\u00e9gi\u00e1k, a ko-kult\u00fara strat\u00e9gi\u00e1k, a k\u00e9miai aktiv\u00e1torok hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1sa \u00e9s a glob\u00e1lis szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s. N\u00e9h\u00e1ny g\u00e9nalap\u00fa m\u00f3dszerrel, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a ribosz\u00f3mam\u00e9rn\u00f6ks\u00e9ggel, a prom\u00f3term\u00e9rn\u00f6ks\u00e9ggel, a transzkripci\u00f3s faktorok szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s\u00e1val stb. \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edtva a nem ir\u00e1ny\u00edtott aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1si strat\u00e9gi\u00e1knak megvannak a maguk el\u0151nyei \u00e9s korl\u00e1tai (l\u00e1sd a 4. t\u00e1bl\u00e1zatot). Az ut\u00f3bbi \u00e9vekben n\u00e9h\u00e1ny \u00faj \u00e9s \u00e9lvonalbeli m\u00f3dszert fejlesztettek ki, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a mikrofluidikai platformok, a mikroferment\u00e1ci\u00f3 \u00e9s a genoml\u00e9pt\u00e9k\u0171 metabolikus modellek kombin\u00e1ci\u00f3ja, a biog\u00e9ncs\u00f6vek \u00e9s a genomika kombin\u00e1ci\u00f3ja, a HiTE-k stb., amelyek \u00f3ri\u00e1si szerepet j\u00e1tszanak az eln\u00e9m\u00edtott g\u00e9ncsoportok stimul\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ban. A nem c\u00e9lzott aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1si strat\u00e9gi\u00e1k \u00e9s a metabolit-ujjlenyomat-elemz\u00e9s kombin\u00e1ci\u00f3ja bizony\u00edtottan jelent\u0151s eredm\u00e9nyeket \u00e9r el a m\u00e1sodlagos metabolitok b\u00e1ny\u00e1szat\u00e1ban.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Research progress on mining active secondary metabolites of Streptomyces using non directed activation silencing gene clusters Microbial secondary metabolites are a class of structurally diverse, functionally complex, and biologically active substances that play an important role in drug research and development. As of now, approximately 300000 compounds have been identified from microorganisms, with over 60% [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Research progress on mining active secondary metabolites of Streptomyces using non directed activation silencing gene clusters - China Chemical Manufacturer<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/hu\/streptomyces-using-non-directed-activation-silencing-gene-clusters\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hu_HU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Research progress on mining active secondary metabolites of Streptomyces using non directed activation silencing gene clusters - China Chemical Manufacturer\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Research progress on mining active secondary metabolites of Streptomyces using non directed activation silencing gene clusters Microbial secondary metabolites are a class of structurally diverse, functionally complex, and biologically active substances that play an important role in drug research and development. 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