{"id":3389,"date":"2024-04-12T07:13:55","date_gmt":"2024-04-12T07:13:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pharm.sinocurechem.com\/?p=3272"},"modified":"2024-04-12T07:13:55","modified_gmt":"2024-04-12T07:13:55","slug":"unveiling-methyl-carbamate-from-textile-resins-to-pest-control-a-comprehensive-dive-into-its-synthesis-applications-and-safety-measures","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/fr\/devoiler-le-carbamate-de-methyle-des-resines-textiles-a-la-lutte-contre-les-parasites-une-plongee-complete-dans-sa-synthese-ses-applications-et-ses-mesures-de-securite\/","title":{"rendered":"Lever le voile sur le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle : Des r\u00e9sines textiles \u00e0 la lutte contre les parasites, une plong\u00e9e compl\u00e8te dans sa synth\u00e8se, ses applications et ses mesures de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 !"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Carbamate de m\u00e9thyle<\/span><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">598-55-0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle (\u00e9galement connu sous le nom de carbamate de m\u00e9thyle ou de polyur\u00e9thane) est un compos\u00e9 organique qui est l'ester le plus simple de l'acide carbamique (H2NCO2H). Il s'agit d'un solide incolore.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle est fabriqu\u00e9 en faisant r\u00e9agir du m\u00e9thanol et de l'ur\u00e9e :<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">CO(NH2)2 + CH3OH \u2192 CH3OC(O)NH2 + NH3<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Il est \u00e9galement produit par la r\u00e9action de l'ammoniac avec le chloroformate de m\u00e9thyle ou le carbonate de dim\u00e9thyle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle (CH3OCONH2) est un compos\u00e9 organique simple constitu\u00e9 d'un groupe m\u00e9thyle (CH3) attach\u00e9 \u00e0 un groupe fonctionnel carbamate (OCONH2).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le groupe carbamate est un groupe carbonyle (C=O) auquel est attach\u00e9 un groupe amino (NH2).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle est une mol\u00e9cule polaire en raison des atomes d'oxyg\u00e8ne et d'azote \u00e9lectron\u00e9gatifs qui lui conf\u00e8rent un moment dipolaire.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Il pr\u00e9sente une g\u00e9om\u00e9trie mol\u00e9culaire t\u00e9tra\u00e9drique autour de l'atome de carbone du carbonyle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.1000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5pt;\">Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s physiques et chimiques :<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Formule chimique : CH3OCONH2<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Num\u00e9ro CAS : 598-55-0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Poids mol\u00e9culaire : 75,08 g\/mol<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Aspect : Solide cristallin blanc<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Point de fusion : 110-112\u00b0C<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Point d'\u00e9bullition : 200\u00b0C<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Point de fusion : 56-58 \u00b0C (lit.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Point d'\u00e9bullition : 176-177 \u00b0C (lit.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Densit\u00e9 : 1,14 g\/cm3<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Indice de r\u00e9fraction : 1,4125<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Point d'\u00e9clair : 93 \u00b0C<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Conditions de stockage : Atmosph\u00e8re inerte, temp\u00e9rature ambiante<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Solubilit\u00e9 : 700 g\/L (20\u00b0C)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Coefficient d'acidit\u00e9 (pKa) : 13,37\u00b10,50 (pr\u00e9dit)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Forme:Cristaux adh\u00e9rents<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Couleur : blanc<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Valeur PH:6-8 (50g\/l, H2O, 20\u2103)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Solubilit\u00e9 dans l'eau : 700 g\/L (20 \u00baC)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Sensibilit\u00e9 : Sensible \u00e0 l'humidit\u00e9<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle est un compos\u00e9 organique simple qui est l'ester m\u00e9thylique de l'acide carbamique.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Il s'agit d'un solide cristallin blanc ayant une l\u00e9g\u00e8re odeur d'ester.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle est soluble dans l'eau, l'alcool et d'autres solvants organiques polaires.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Il est mod\u00e9r\u00e9ment volatil et peut \u00eatre distill\u00e9 sous pression r\u00e9duite.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle est relativement stable chimiquement, mais il est sujet \u00e0 l'hydrolyse pour former du m\u00e9thanol et du dioxyde de carbone.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.1000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5pt;\">Utilisations et applications :<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Les pesticides carbamates sont largement utilis\u00e9s dans les insecticides, les herbicides et les fongicides, et sont \u00e9galement utilis\u00e9s comme tueurs de moustiques et de cafards. Les plus couramment utilis\u00e9s sont : Furadan, Carbaryl, Methomyl, Methomyl, Cordyceps, etc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle est principalement utilis\u00e9 comme interm\u00e9diaire de r\u00e9action dans les industries du textile et des polym\u00e8res. Dans l'industrie textile, il est utilis\u00e9 dans la fabrication de r\u00e9sines \u00e0 base d'ester m\u00e9thylique de l'acide dihydroxym\u00e9thyl carbamique, qui sont appliqu\u00e9es aux tissus m\u00e9lang\u00e9s polyester\/coton en tant qu'agent de finition r\u00e9sistant aux contraintes. Les tissus trait\u00e9s pr\u00e9sentent une bonne r\u00e9tention de l'angle de froissement, r\u00e9sistent au retournement acide dans les blanchisseries commerciales, ne contiennent pas de chlore et sont ignifuges. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle est \u00e9galement utilis\u00e9 dans la fabrication de produits pharmaceutiques, de pesticides et de polyur\u00e9thanes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Les m\u00e9thylcarbamates sont largement utilis\u00e9s comme insecticides. Ils ont une activit\u00e9 anticholinest\u00e9rasique mais ne produisent pas d'effets cumulatifs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle est un interm\u00e9diaire chimique dans la synth\u00e8se de divers m\u00e9dicaments, insecticides et autres compos\u00e9s organiques. C'est un pr\u00e9curseur pour la production d'isocyanate de m\u00e9thyle, qui est utilis\u00e9 dans la production d'insecticides \u00e0 base de carbamate.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle est utilis\u00e9 comme plastifiant, comme additif pour les carburants et comme composant de certaines peintures et produits d'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Dans le pass\u00e9, il \u00e9tait \u00e9galement utilis\u00e9 comme rodenticide et insecticide, mais son utilisation dans ces applications a diminu\u00e9 en raison des inqui\u00e9tudes suscit\u00e9es par sa toxicit\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 21.2500pt; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;\" align=\"justify\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">1.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Interm\u00e9diaires pharmaceutiques et agrochimiques :<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle est un interm\u00e9diaire chimique important utilis\u00e9 dans la synth\u00e8se de divers produits pharmaceutiques et agrochimiques.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">C'est un pr\u00e9curseur pour la production de m\u00e9thylisocyanate, qui est un \u00e9l\u00e9ment cl\u00e9 pour de nombreux pesticides et herbicides \u00e0 base de carbamate.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle peut \u00e9galement \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 comme mati\u00e8re premi\u00e8re pour la synth\u00e8se de certains m\u00e9dicaments anti-inflammatoires, analg\u00e9siques et anticanc\u00e9reux.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 21.2500pt; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;\" align=\"justify\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">2.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Plastifiants et rev\u00eatements :<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9 comme plastifiant dans diverses formulations de polym\u00e8res et de r\u00e9sines, telles que celles utilis\u00e9es dans les peintures, les rev\u00eatements et les adh\u00e9sifs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Il peut am\u00e9liorer la flexibilit\u00e9, la r\u00e9sistance aux chocs et les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s d'adh\u00e9sion de ces mat\u00e9riaux.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Dans certains rev\u00eatements et produits d'\u00e9tanch\u00e9it\u00e9 sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s, le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 comme agent de r\u00e9ticulation ou comme additif de durcissement.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 21.2500pt; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;\" align=\"justify\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">3.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Additifs pour carburant :<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Historiquement, le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9 comme additif de carburant, en particulier dans l'essence, pour am\u00e9liorer l'efficacit\u00e9 de la combustion et r\u00e9duire les d\u00e9p\u00f4ts dans le moteur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Toutefois, l'utilisation du carbamate de m\u00e9thyle en tant qu'additif pour les carburants a diminu\u00e9 ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es en raison des inqui\u00e9tudes suscit\u00e9es par sa toxicit\u00e9 potentielle et son impact sur l'environnement.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 21.2500pt; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;\" align=\"justify\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">4.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Rodenticides et insecticides :<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Dans le pass\u00e9, le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle \u00e9tait utilis\u00e9 comme ingr\u00e9dient actif dans certains produits rodenticides et insecticides.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Ces applications ont consid\u00e9rablement diminu\u00e9 en raison du d\u00e9veloppement de nouvelles alternatives plus efficaces et moins toxiques, ainsi que des restrictions r\u00e9glementaires sur l'utilisation des pesticides \u00e0 base de carbamate de m\u00e9thyle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 21.2500pt; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;\" align=\"justify\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">5.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Solvants et agents de nettoyage industriels :<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">En raison de ses propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de solvant et de sa toxicit\u00e9 relativement faible, le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9 dans certains produits de nettoyage industriels et agents de d\u00e9graissage.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Toutefois, son utilisation dans ces applications est limit\u00e9e, car des solvants et des agents de nettoyage plus efficaces et plus respectueux de l'environnement sont d\u00e9sormais disponibles.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Globalement, le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle est aujourd'hui principalement utilis\u00e9 comme interm\u00e9diaire chimique dans la production de produits pharmaceutiques, agrochimiques et d'autres produits chimiques sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s, plut\u00f4t que comme produit ou additif autonome. Ses utilisations historiques dans les carburants, les pesticides et les solvants industriels ont \u00e9t\u00e9 largement abandonn\u00e9es.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.1000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5pt;\">Synth\u00e8se et production :<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement synth\u00e9tis\u00e9 par la r\u00e9action du m\u00e9thanol (CH3OH) avec le phosg\u00e8ne (COCl2) pour former le chloroformate de m\u00e9thyle, suivie d'une r\u00e9action avec l'ammoniac (NH3) pour former le produit final.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Il peut \u00e9galement \u00eatre produit par la r\u00e9action de l'isocyanate de m\u00e9thyle (CH3NCO) avec l'eau.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">La production industrielle de carbamate de m\u00e9thyle implique souvent des processus continus utilisant des \u00e9quipements sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s et des mesures de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 strictes en raison de la nature dangereuse des mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Synth\u00e8se du carbamate de m\u00e9thyle :<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">La voie de synth\u00e8se la plus courante pour le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle implique un processus en deux \u00e9tapes :<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">R\u00e9action du m\u00e9thanol avec le phosg\u00e8ne :<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le m\u00e9thanol (CH3OH) r\u00e9agit avec le phosg\u00e8ne (COCl2) pour former du chloroformate de m\u00e9thyle (CH3OCOCl).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Cette r\u00e9action est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement effectu\u00e9e en pr\u00e9sence d'une base, telle que la pyridine, pour neutraliser le sous-produit de l'acide chlorhydrique.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le chloroformate de m\u00e9thyle est un interm\u00e9diaire important dans la production de divers compos\u00e9s carbamates.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Ammonolyse du chloroformate de m\u00e9thyle :<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le chloroformate de m\u00e9thyle interm\u00e9diaire r\u00e9agit ensuite avec l'ammoniac (NH3) pour former le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle (CH3OCONH2).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Cette r\u00e9action implique l'addition nucl\u00e9ophile de l'ammoniac sur le carbone du chloroformate de m\u00e9thyle, suivie de l'\u00e9limination du chlorure d'hydrog\u00e8ne.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">La r\u00e9action est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement effectu\u00e9e dans un solvant organique, tel que le tolu\u00e8ne ou le dichlorom\u00e9thane, afin de faciliter la s\u00e9paration du produit carbamate de m\u00e9thyle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Production de carbamate de m\u00e9thyle :<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">La production \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle industrielle de carbamate de m\u00e9thyle implique souvent des processus continus utilisant des \u00e9quipements sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s :<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">G\u00e9n\u00e9ration de phosg\u00e8ne :<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le phosg\u00e8ne est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 sur place par la r\u00e9action du monoxyde de carbone (CO) et du chlore (Cl2) en pr\u00e9sence d'un catalyseur, tel que le charbon actif.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">La production de phosg\u00e8ne n\u00e9cessite des mesures de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 strictes en raison de la nature hautement toxique du gaz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Synth\u00e8se du chloroformate de m\u00e9thyle :<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le phosg\u00e8ne est ensuite mis en r\u00e9action avec le m\u00e9thanol dans un r\u00e9acteur \u00e0 flux continu, souvent \u00e0 l'aide d'un catalyseur de base pour am\u00e9liorer la cin\u00e9tique de la r\u00e9action.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le chloroformate de m\u00e9thyle est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement purifi\u00e9 par distillation ou par d'autres techniques de s\u00e9paration.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">\u00c9tape de l'ammonolyse :<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le chloroformate de m\u00e9thyle r\u00e9agit ensuite avec du gaz ammoniac ou une solution aqueuse d'ammoniac dans un r\u00e9acteur fonctionnant en continu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle est s\u00e9par\u00e9, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement par cristallisation ou \u00e9vaporation, et purifi\u00e9 si n\u00e9cessaire.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Emballage et stockage :<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle purifi\u00e9 est ensuite conditionn\u00e9, souvent dans des f\u00fbts ou d'autres conteneurs appropri\u00e9s, en vue de sa distribution et de son stockage.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Des proc\u00e9dures de manipulation et de stockage ad\u00e9quates sont essentielles pour garantir la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et la stabilit\u00e9 du produit final.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.1000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5pt;\">R\u00e9activit\u00e9 et d\u00e9gradation :<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle est sensible \u00e0 l'hydrolyse, \u00e0 la fois dans des conditions acides et basiques, ce qui peut d\u00e9composer le groupe fonctionnel carbamate.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">La d\u00e9composition thermique peut \u00e9galement se produire \u00e0 des temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es, formant du m\u00e9thanol, du dioxyde de carbone et d'autres sous-produits.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Dans certaines conditions, le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle peut r\u00e9agir avec des nucl\u00e9ophiles, tels que des alcools ou des amines, pour former des carbamates ou des ur\u00e9es substitu\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">La d\u00e9gradation microbienne du carbamate de m\u00e9thyle a \u00e9t\u00e9 signal\u00e9e, certaines bact\u00e9ries et certains champignons \u00e9tant capables de l'utiliser comme source de carbone et d'azote.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.1000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5pt;\">Consid\u00e9rations r\u00e9glementaires et environnementales :<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">En raison de sa toxicit\u00e9, le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme une substance dangereuse en vertu de diverses r\u00e9glementations environnementales.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Des limites d'exposition et des directives de manipulation ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablies pour les milieux professionnels afin de minimiser les risques pour les travailleurs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Des \u00e9tudes sur le devenir et le transport dans l'environnement ont montr\u00e9 que le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle peut \u00eatre persistant dans certains sols et dans l'eau, avec un potentiel de bioaccumulation dans certains organismes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Des m\u00e9thodes d'\u00e9limination et de confinement appropri\u00e9es sont essentielles pour \u00e9viter la contamination de l'environnement et l'exposition de l'homme.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.1000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5pt;\">Toxicologie et s\u00e9curit\u00e9 :<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle est mod\u00e9r\u00e9ment toxique par ingestion ou inhalation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Des sympt\u00f4mes tels que naus\u00e9es, vomissements, diarrh\u00e9e et d\u00e9tresse respiratoire peuvent survenir apr\u00e8s l'exposition.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Une exposition prolong\u00e9e ou r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9e peut \u00e9galement provoquer des l\u00e9sions du foie et des reins.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Des \u00e9quipements de protection individuelle appropri\u00e9s, tels que des gants et des respirateurs, doivent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s lors de la manipulation du carbamate de m\u00e9thyle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Lorsque l'on travaille avec ce compos\u00e9, il convient de prendre des mesures de ventilation et de protection ad\u00e9quates afin de minimiser le risque d'exposition.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Contrairement \u00e0 son proche parent, le carbamate d'\u00e9thyle, il n'est pas mutag\u00e8ne pour la salmonelle (test d'Ames n\u00e9gatif), mais il est mutag\u00e8ne pour les mouches des fruits. Des preuves exp\u00e9rimentales sugg\u00e8rent qu'il est canc\u00e9rig\u00e8ne pour les rats et non canc\u00e9rig\u00e8ne pour les souris. Selon la Proposition 65, le compos\u00e9 est \"reconnu par l'\u00c9tat de Californie comme \u00e9tant canc\u00e9rog\u00e8ne\".<\/span><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Les causes de l'empoisonnement par les pesticides carbamates sont similaires \u00e0 celles d'autres empoisonnements par les pesticides. L'intoxication productive est souvent observ\u00e9e lorsque les pesticides sont appliqu\u00e9s sans mesures de protection appropri\u00e9es ou dans des environnements chauds et humides, principalement par inhalation de la peau et des voies respiratoires. L'empoisonnement vital est souvent observ\u00e9 en cas de suicide ou d'empoisonnement accidentel, pour l'empoisonnement par voie orale.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">L'intoxication par les pesticides carbamates est aigu\u00eb, l'intoxication par voie orale intervenant dans les 10 \u00e0 20 minutes suivant le d\u00e9but de l'intoxication, la production de travail en contact avec l'intoxication intervenant dans la majorit\u00e9 des cas dans les 2 \u00e0 6 heures suivant le d\u00e9but de l'intoxication. \u00c0 l'instar de l'intoxication par les pesticides organophosphor\u00e9s, les sympt\u00f4mes muscariniques sont plus \u00e9vidents. L'intoxication l\u00e9g\u00e8re pr\u00e9sente des sympt\u00f4mes muscariniques l\u00e9gers et des sympt\u00f4mes du syst\u00e8me nerveux central, tels que vertiges, maux de t\u00eate, fatigue, naus\u00e9es, vomissements, vision floue, salivation, transpiration excessive, r\u00e9tr\u00e9cissement de la pupille, etc. Outre les sympt\u00f4mes susmentionn\u00e9s, une intoxication mod\u00e9r\u00e9e se traduit par des tremblements musculaires et une augmentation de la pression art\u00e9rielle. Une intoxication grave peut entra\u00eener un \u0153d\u00e8me pulmonaire, un coma, un \u0153d\u00e8me c\u00e9r\u00e9bral, une activit\u00e9 de la cholinest\u00e9rase dans le sang total inf\u00e9rieure ou \u00e9gale \u00e0 30% et, dans les cas graves, une paralysie des muscles respiratoires, une insuffisance respiratoire, voire la mort.  En outre, la contamination de la peau peut provoquer une sensation de br\u00fblure, des bouff\u00e9es vasomotrices, des \u00e9ruptions cutan\u00e9es ; la contamination de la conjonctive peut provoquer une sensation de br\u00fblure, des larmoiements, un r\u00e9tr\u00e9cissement de la pupille, etc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: 125%;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Une suspicion d'empoisonnement par des insecticides \u00e0 base de carbamate doit \u00eatre trait\u00e9e rapidement, et un diagnostic d\u00e9finitif peut \u00eatre \u00e9tabli sur la base d'une histoire claire de l'exposition, des sympt\u00f4mes, des signes et des sympt\u00f4mes, combin\u00e9s aux r\u00e9sultats des tests de cholinest\u00e9rase et des tests toxicologiques. Ce type d'intoxication entra\u00eene une diminution de l'activit\u00e9 cholinest\u00e9rasique sanguine, mais celle-ci doit \u00eatre test\u00e9e d\u00e8s que possible apr\u00e8s l'intoxication, et l'activit\u00e9 cholinest\u00e9rasique se r\u00e9tablit progressivement au fur et \u00e0 mesure que la dur\u00e9e de l'intoxication s'allonge. Le poison est \u00e9limin\u00e9 par lavage gastrique, etc., et l'atropine, un puissant antidote, est utilis\u00e9e. Contrairement \u00e0 l'intoxication par les pesticides organophosphor\u00e9s, les r\u00e9acteurs de l'oxime-cholinest\u00e9rase sont interdits dans l'intoxication par les insecticides carbamates.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Carbamate de m\u00e9thyle 598-55-0 Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle (\u00e9galement connu sous le nom de carbamate de m\u00e9thyle ou de polyur\u00e9thane) est un compos\u00e9 organique qui est l'ester le plus simple de l'acide carbamique (H2NCO2H). Il s'agit d'un solide incolore. Le carbamate de m\u00e9thyle est obtenu en faisant r\u00e9agir du m\u00e9thanol et de l'ur\u00e9e : CO(NH2)2 + CH3OH \u2192 CH3OC(O)NH2 + NH3 Il est \u00e9galement produit par la r\u00e9action de l'ammoniac avec [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Unveiling Methyl Carbamate: From Textile Resins to Pest Control, A Comprehensive Dive into its Synthesis, Applications, and Safety Measures! - China Chemical Manufacturer<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/fr\/devoiler-le-carbamate-de-methyle-des-resines-textiles-a-la-lutte-contre-les-parasites-une-plongee-complete-dans-sa-synthese-ses-applications-et-ses-mesures-de-securite\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Unveiling Methyl Carbamate: From Textile Resins to Pest Control, A Comprehensive Dive into its Synthesis, Applications, and Safety Measures! - China Chemical Manufacturer\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Methyl Carbamate\u00a0598-55-0 Methyl carbamate (also known as methyl carbamate or polyurethane) is an organic compound that is the simplest ester of carbamic acid (H2NCO2H). 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