{"id":4431,"date":"2024-08-04T14:11:47","date_gmt":"2024-08-04T14:11:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/?p=4431"},"modified":"2024-08-04T14:11:47","modified_gmt":"2024-08-04T14:11:47","slug":"vitamin-b12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/es\/vitamin-b12\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la vitamina B12 para el enriquecimiento nutricional?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Qu\u00e9 es la vitamina B12<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La vitamina B12 (cianocobalamina) es una vitamina hidrosoluble tambi\u00e9n conocida como cianocobalamina, tambi\u00e9n conocida como factor de prote\u00edna animal, es un t\u00e9rmino general para un grupo de vitaminas que contienen sustancias activas similares a la cianocobalamina. Es la \u00fanica vitamina hidrosoluble que contiene iones met\u00e1licos y es una de las vitaminas esenciales. El producto sint\u00e9tico de la vitamina B12 es la cianocobalamina, que se forma durante la disociaci\u00f3n de la cobalamina. Es un cristal rojo muy estable que se utiliza para el enriquecimiento de alimentos y como suplemento nutricional. Las c\u00e9lulas vegetales no pueden sintetizar vitamina B12, por lo que la mayor\u00eda de los alimentos vegetales no la contienen, que se concentra en los tejidos animales.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Funciones fisiol\u00f3gicas de la vitamina B12<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Aumentar la tasa de utilizaci\u00f3n del \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico<\/strong><br \/>\nJunto con el \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico, sintetiza la metionina (sintetizada a partir de la homociste\u00edna) y la colina, produce purinas y pirimidinas en el proceso de s\u00edntesis de precursores de la cianocobalamina Schengen, como la metilcobalamina y la coenzima B12, y participa en el proceso de metilaci\u00f3n de muchos compuestos importantes. En la deficiencia de vitamina B12, la transferencia de grupos metilo del metiltetrahidrofolato se reduce, convirtiendo el \u00e1cido f\u00f3lico en una forma no disponible y provocando la deficiencia de folato.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Mantenimiento del metabolismo y la funci\u00f3n de la mielina nerviosa<\/strong><br \/>\nLa carencia de vitamina B12 puede provocar trastornos nerviosos, degeneraci\u00f3n de la m\u00e9dula espinal y causar s\u00edntomas psiqui\u00e1tricos graves. La carencia de vitamina B12 puede provocar neuritis perif\u00e9rica. Los primeros signos de deficiencia de vitamina B 12 en los ni\u00f1os son un estado de \u00e1nimo anormal, expresi\u00f3n apagada, reacci\u00f3n lenta y, por \u00faltimo, anemia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Promueven el desarrollo y la maduraci\u00f3n de los gl\u00f3bulos rojos<\/strong><br \/>\nConvierte la metilmalonil coenzima A en succinil coenzima A y participa en el ciclo del \u00e1cido tricarbox\u00edlico, en el que la succinil coenzima A est\u00e1 relacionada con la s\u00edntesis de hemoglobina.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4.<\/strong> <strong>La vitamina B12 interviene en la s\u00edntesis del \u00e1cido desoxirribonucleico (ADN).<\/strong>, el metabolismo de las grasas, los hidratos de carbono y las prote\u00ednas, y aumenta la s\u00edntesis de \u00e1cidos nucleicos y prote\u00ednas.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Enfermedades por d\u00e9ficit de vitamina B12<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Causas comunes de deficiencia de vitamina B12<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(1) Ingesta inadecuada, como los vegetarianos cr\u00f3nicos;<\/p>\n<p>(2) Malabsorci\u00f3n adquirida, por ejemplo, enfermedades pancreatog\u00e9nicas, g\u00e1stricas, hep\u00e1ticas o enterog\u00e9nicas;<\/p>\n<p>(3) Aumento de las necesidades de vitamina B12, por ejemplo, embarazo, posparto, tenias, etc;<\/p>\n<p>(4) Trastornos cong\u00e9nitos de los pasos metab\u00f3licos de la vitamina B12, como la deficiencia cong\u00e9nita de factores end\u00f3genos.<\/p>\n<p>(5) Farmacogen\u00e9tica: los estudios han descubierto que la metformina oral conduce a niveles s\u00e9ricos m\u00e1s bajos de vitamina B12.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Enfermedades comunes de la deficiencia de vitamina B12<\/strong><br \/>\nLa carencia de vitamina B12 se refleja principalmente en la sangre, el metabolismo y el sistema nervioso, lo que puede provocar hiperhomocisteinemia (Hhcy), anemia perniciosa, degeneraci\u00f3n combinada subaguda, depresi\u00f3n mental, acidemia metilmal\u00f3nica, demencia vascular y enfermedad de Alzheimer.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. La vitamina B12 tiene una toxicidad relativamente baja.<\/strong><br \/>\nSeg\u00fan el informe de administraci\u00f3n oral diaria de hasta 100\u03bcg, no se han observado efectos adversos significativos.<br \/>\nNota: El estado nutricional de la vitamina B12 puede determinarse midiendo la concentraci\u00f3n s\u00e9rica de vitamina B12, la holotranscobalamina II s\u00e9rica (holo Tc II), la cochinilla hololigante s\u00e9rica, la homociste\u00edna s\u00e9rica y el \u00e1cido metilmal\u00f3nico.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ingesta de referencia y fuentes alimentarias<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El cuerpo humano necesita muy poca vitamina B12. La Cantidad Diet\u00e9tica Recomendada (CDR) de vitamina B12 oscila entre 0,9 \u03bcg al d\u00eda en la primera infancia y 2,4 \u03bcg al d\u00eda en la edad adulta, lo que es suficiente para cubrir las necesidades del 97,5% de la poblaci\u00f3n. La RDA para las mujeres embarazadas es de 6 \u03bcg al d\u00eda, y aunque la RDA no se ha aumentado para los ancianos, estos son propensos a la malabsorci\u00f3n de vitamina B12 y se les aconseja aumentar su ingesta de alimentos o suplementos enriquecidos con vitamina B12. Nuestra AI propuesta para la vitamina B12 es de 2,4 \u03bcg\/d\u00eda para los adultos.<\/p>\n<p>La vitamina B12 en la dieta procede de los alimentos de origen animal, siendo las principales fuentes alimentarias la carne, los despojos, el pescado, las aves, el marisco y los huevos, y en menor cantidad la leche y los productos l\u00e1cteos (Tabla 1). Los alimentos vegetales no contienen vitamina B12.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tabla 1 Contenido en vitamina B12 de los alimentos seleccionados (\u03bcg\/100g)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nota: Citado en Ensminger AH et al. 1989.American Encyclopedia of Food and Nutrition Selected (5) Food Composition.<\/p>\n<p><strong>En qu\u00e9 alimentos puede utilizarse la vitamina B12 como nutriente fortificante<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-4433\" src=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/2-51-650x214.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"650\" height=\"214\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is Vitamin B12 Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) is a water-soluble vitamin also known as cyanocobalamin, also known as animal protein factor, is a general term for a group of vitamins containing active substances similar to cyanocobalamin. It is the only water-soluble vitamin that contains metal ions and is one of the essential vitamins. The synthetic [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What is Vitamin B12 for Nutritional Enrichment? - China Chemical Manufacturer<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/es\/vitamin-b12\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is Vitamin B12 for Nutritional Enrichment? - China Chemical Manufacturer\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What is Vitamin B12 Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) is a water-soluble vitamin also known as cyanocobalamin, also known as animal protein factor, is a general term for a group of vitamins containing active substances similar to cyanocobalamin. 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