{"id":6011,"date":"2024-08-05T15:38:46","date_gmt":"2024-08-05T15:38:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/?p=6011"},"modified":"2024-08-05T15:38:46","modified_gmt":"2024-08-05T15:38:46","slug":"new-food-ingredients-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/da\/new-food-ingredients-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Hvad er definitionen af nye f\u00f8devareingredienser og deres udvikling i Kina?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Med den hurtige udvikling af f\u00f8devarevidenskab og -teknologi, globaliseringen af f\u00f8devareforsyningen og behovet for flere f\u00f8devarekilder udvides kilderne, typerne og udvalget af f\u00f8devareingredienser. For at regulere udviklingen og anvendelsen af f\u00f8devareingredienser og for at sikre f\u00f8devaresikkerheden skal nye f\u00f8devareingredienser (novel food) normalt evalueres og godkendes, f\u00f8r de kan komme p\u00e5 markedet.<\/p>\n

Udvikling af ledelsessystemet<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kinas forvaltningssystem for nye f\u00f8devareingredienser har stort set gennemg\u00e5et tre store faser: Foranstaltningerne til hygiejnisk forvaltning af nye f\u00f8devareressourcer i perioden med loven om f\u00f8devaresundhed (fors\u00f8g), foranstaltningerne til hygiejnisk forvaltning af nye f\u00f8devareressourcer og foranstaltningerne til forvaltning af nye f\u00f8devareressourcer i perioden med loven om f\u00f8devarehygiejne og bestemmelserne vedr\u00f8rende nye f\u00f8devareingredienser i perioden med loven om f\u00f8devaresikkerhed (revideret i 2015).<\/p>\n

I 1983 bekendtgjorde Kina loven om f\u00f8devarehygiejne (til pr\u00f8veimplementering), hvor artikel 22 fastsl\u00e5r, at f\u00f8devarer, der er produceret ved hj\u00e6lp af nye ressourcer, skal godkendes af sundhedsafdelingen, hvilket i f\u00f8rste omgang fastlagde det grundl\u00e6ggende styringssystem for f\u00f8devarer fra nye ressourcer.<\/p>\n

For at koordinere med implementeringen af loven om f\u00f8devarehygiejne (til pr\u00f8veimplementering) udstedte det tidligere sundhedsministerium i 1987 Foranstaltninger til hygiejnisk h\u00e5ndtering af f\u00f8devarer fra nye ressourcer, som stillede specifikke krav til godkendelsesprocedurerne for f\u00f8devarer fra nye ressourcer.<\/p>\n

I 1990 reviderede det tidligere sundhedsministerium foranstaltningerne til hygiejnisk h\u00e5ndtering af nye f\u00f8devarer og formulerede samtidig procedurerne for unders\u00f8gelse og godkendelse af nye f\u00f8devarer, og loven om f\u00f8devaresundhed blev formelt implementeret i 1995, hvor artikel 20 fastsl\u00e5r, at brugen af nye ressourcer til produktion af f\u00f8devarer skal forel\u00e6gges til unders\u00f8gelse og godkendelse i overensstemmelse med de fastlagte procedurer f\u00f8r produktion.<\/p>\n

I 2007 udstedte og implementerede det tidligere sundhedsministerium foranstaltninger til administration af nye ressourcef\u00f8devarer, som fastsatte definition, sikkerhedsevaluering, ans\u00f8gning og godkendelse af nye ressourcef\u00f8devarer, og formulerede samtidig de ledsagende procedurer for sikkerhedsevaluering af nye ressourcef\u00f8devarer og bestemmelser om erkl\u00e6ring og accept af hygiejnetilladelser for nye ressourcef\u00f8devarer, som indarbejdede de relevante krav i den administrative licenslov.<\/p>\n

I 2009 bekendtgjorde og implementerede Kina loven om f\u00f8devaresikkerhed, hvor artikel 44 foreslog, at produktion af f\u00f8devarer ved hj\u00e6lp af nye r\u00e5varer skulle ans\u00f8ges hos det tidligere sundhedsministerium, og at godkendelse kun kunne gives, hvis sikkerhedsvurderingen var i overensstemmelse med kravene til f\u00f8devaresikkerhed.<\/p>\n

I 2013 udstedte og implementerede den tidligere nationale sundheds- og familieplanl\u00e6gningskommission bestemmelserne om erkl\u00e6ring og accept af nye f\u00f8devareingredienser og administrative foranstaltninger til gennemgang af sikkerheden ved nye f\u00f8devareingredienser (i det f\u00f8lgende ben\u00e6vnt \"administrative foranstaltninger\"), som omdefinerede nye f\u00f8devareingredienser og reviderede gennemgangsprocedurerne og kravene til sikkerhedsevaluering.<\/p>\n

I 2015 \u00e6ndrede Kina loven om f\u00f8devaresikkerhed og bevarede de relevante bestemmelser om h\u00e5ndtering af nye f\u00f8devareingredienser i artikel 37.<\/p>\n

\u00c6ndringer i navn, definition og omfang<\/strong><\/p>\n

Med \u00e6ndringen af Kinas forvaltningssystem for nye f\u00f8devareingredienser er navnet p\u00e5 nye f\u00f8devareingredienser ogs\u00e5 blevet \u00e6ndret fra \"ny ressourcef\u00f8devare\" til \"nye f\u00f8devareingredienser\", og konnotationen og omfanget af begrebet nye f\u00f8devareingredienser er ogs\u00e5 \u00e6ndret i overensstemmelse hermed. \u00c6ndringerne i definitionen af nye f\u00f8devareingredienser i Kina er vist i tabel 1.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

I overensstemmelse med bestemmelserne om definitionen og omfanget af nye f\u00f8devareingredienser er f\u00f8devarer fra nye ressourcer i Foranstaltninger til hygiejnisk h\u00e5ndtering af f\u00f8devarer fra nye ressourcer, der blev udstedt i 1990, f\u00f8devarer, der er fremstillet af nye f\u00f8devareressourcer, mens Nye f\u00f8devareressourcer l\u00e6gger v\u00e6gt p\u00e5 karakteristika som ny opdagelse, ny udvikling og ny introduktion som et middel til at skelne mellem nye f\u00f8devareressourcer og almindelige f\u00f8devarer.<\/strong><\/p>\n

I henhold til bestemmelserne og vejledningen i denne definition, nye ressourcef\u00f8devarer godkendt f\u00f8r 2007 omfattede f\u00f8devarer\u00e5varer<\/strong>s\u00e5som oligosakkarider, tangsukker, krysantemum cordyceps-substrater osv. og et stort antal slutprodukter<\/strong>s\u00e5som Tianfu Cola, Zhenhua 851 Oral Liquid, Organic Germanium Drinks osv.<\/p>\n

De reviderede foranstaltninger for administration af f\u00f8devarer af ny oprindelse fra 2007 \u00e6ndrede definitionen af f\u00f8devarer af ny oprindelse til at omfatte fire kategorier, nemlig dyr, planter og mikroorganismer, der ikke normalt indtages; isolerede ekstrakter heraf, der ikke normalt indtages; nye sorter af mikroorganismer, der anvendes til forarbejdning; og f\u00f8devarer\u00e5varer, hvis fremstilling ved en ny proces har resulteret i en \u00e6ndring i sammens\u00e6tning eller struktur. I henhold til denne definition, Alle nye f\u00f8devareingredienser, der er annonceret siden 2008, er i form af f\u00f8devareingredienser.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Definitionen af nye f\u00f8devareingredienser i de administrative bestemmelser, der blev offentliggjort og implementeret i 2013, indeholder stadig fire kategorier. Sammenlignet med definitionen i de administrative bestemmelser for nye ressourcef\u00f8devarer i 2007 er \"nye sorter af mikroorganismer til forarbejdning\" slettet i de administrative bestemmelser fra 2013, og \"andre nyudviklede f\u00f8devareingredienser\" er tilf\u00f8jet. En anden vigtig \u00e6ndring er, at i de administrative bestemmelser fra 2013 blev \"nye arter af mikroorganismer til forarbejdning\" slettet, og \"andre nyudviklede f\u00f8devareingredienser\" blev tilf\u00f8jet.<\/p>\n

En anden vigtig \u00e6ndring er, at de administrative foranstaltninger fra 2013 tilf\u00f8jede definitionen af \"traditionel brug\", dvs. \"henviser til et f\u00f8devareprodukt, der har en historie p\u00e5 mere end 30 \u00e5rs produktion og drift som et stereotypt eller ikke-stereotypt emballeret f\u00f8devareprodukt inden for omr\u00e5det under en provins' jurisdiktion og ikke er medtaget i Folkerepublikken Kinas farmakop\u00e9\". \". Da definitionen af nye f\u00f8devareingredienser er baseret p\u00e5 foruds\u00e6tningen om \"ingen traditionelle forbrugsvaner\", tydeligg\u00f8r denne definition yderligere gr\u00e6nsen mellem nye f\u00f8devareingredienser og almindelige f\u00f8devarer.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Med forbedringen af det nationale standardiseringssystem for f\u00f8devaresikkerhed og de tilh\u00f8rende forvaltningsforanstaltninger skelnes der desuden klart mellem nye f\u00f8devareingredienser og f\u00f8devaretils\u00e6tningsstoffer, ern\u00e6ringsforst\u00e6rkere og helsekost. Stoffer, der er blevet godkendt som f\u00f8devaretils\u00e6tningsstoffer kan ikke l\u00e6ngere deklareres som nye f\u00f8devareingredienser<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Siden 2009 har stoffer, der er opf\u00f8rt i GB 14880-2012 National Standard for Ern\u00e6ringsm\u00e6ssig berigelse til<\/strong> F\u00f8devaresikkerhed kan ikke deklareres som nye f\u00f8devareingredienser<\/strong>. Den tidligere bekendtg\u00f8relse fra Sundhedsministeriet nr. 14 fra 2009 sagde udtrykkeligt, at Produkter, der er begr\u00e6nset til r\u00e5varer til helsekost, er ikke omfattet af accept og evaluering af administrative licenser til nye ressourcef\u00f8devarer.<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

With the rapid development of food science and technology, the globalization of the food supply and the need for more food sources, the sources, types and range of food ingredients are expanding. 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