{"id":4431,"date":"2024-08-04T14:11:47","date_gmt":"2024-08-04T14:11:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/?p=4431"},"modified":"2024-08-04T14:11:47","modified_gmt":"2024-08-04T14:11:47","slug":"vitamin-b12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/da\/vitamin-b12\/","title":{"rendered":"Hvad er B12-vitamin til ern\u00e6ringsberigelse?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hvad er B12-vitamin?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) er et vandopl\u00f8seligt vitamin, ogs\u00e5 kendt som cyanocobalamin, ogs\u00e5 kendt som animalsk proteinfaktor, er en generel betegnelse for en gruppe vitaminer, der indeholder aktive stoffer, der ligner cyanocobalamin. Det er det eneste vandopl\u00f8selige vitamin, der indeholder metalioner, og det er et af de essentielle vitaminer. Det syntetiske produkt af B12-vitamin er cyanocobalamin, som dannes under dissociation af cobalamin. Det er en r\u00f8d krystal, som er meget stabil, og som bruges til berigelse af f\u00f8devarer og som kosttilskud. Planteceller kan ikke syntetisere B12-vitamin, s\u00e5 de fleste vegetabilske f\u00f8devarer indeholder ikke B12-vitamin, som er koncentreret i animalsk v\u00e6v.<\/p>\n

Fysiologiske funktioner af B12-vitamin<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u00d8g udnyttelsesgraden af folinsyre<\/strong>
\nSammen med folinsyre syntetiserer det methionin (syntetiseret fra homocystein) og cholin, producerer puriner og pyrimidiner i processen med at syntetisere cyanocobalamin Schengen-forl\u00f8bere som methylcobalamin og coenzym B12 og deltager i methyleringsprocessen af mange vigtige forbindelser. Ved B12-vitaminmangel reduceres overf\u00f8rslen af methylgrupper fra methyltetrahydrofolat, hvilket omdanner folsyre til en utilg\u00e6ngelig form og f\u00f8rer til folatmangel.<\/p>\n

2. Opretholdelse af nerve-myelin-metabolisme og -funktion<\/strong>
\nB12-vitaminmangel kan for\u00e5rsage nervesygdomme, rygmarvsdegeneration og kan give alvorlige psykiatriske symptomer. B12-vitaminmangel kan f\u00f8re til perifer neuritis. De tidlige tegn p\u00e5 B12-vitaminmangel hos b\u00f8rn er unormalt hum\u00f8r, sl\u00f8vt udtryk, langsom reaktion og til sidst an\u00e6mi.<\/p>\n

3. Fremmer udviklingen og modningen af r\u00f8de blodlegemer<\/strong>
\nOmdanner methylmalonylcoenzym A til succinylcoenzym A og deltager i tricarboxylsyrecyklussen, hvor succinylcoenzym A er relateret til syntesen af h\u00e6moglobin.<\/p>\n

4.<\/strong> B12-vitamin er involveret i syntesen af deoxyribonukleinsyre (DNA).<\/strong>, metabolismen af fedt, kulhydrater og proteiner og \u00f8ger syntesen af nukleinsyrer og proteiner.<\/p>\n

Sygdomme med B12-vitaminmangel<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Almindelige \u00e5rsager til B12-vitaminmangel<\/strong><\/p>\n

(1) Utilstr\u00e6kkeligt indtag, f.eks. kroniske vegetarer;<\/p>\n

(2) Erhvervet malabsorption, f.eks. bugspytkirtel-, mave-, lever- eller enterogene sygdomme;<\/p>\n

(3) \u00d8get behov for B12-vitamin, f.eks. graviditet, postpartum, b\u00e6ndelorm osv;<\/p>\n

(4) Medf\u00f8dte forstyrrelser i vitamin B12-metaboliske trin, s\u00e5som medf\u00f8dt mangel p\u00e5 endogene faktorer.<\/p>\n

(5) Farmakogenetisk: Unders\u00f8gelser har vist, at oral metformin f\u00f8rer til lavere niveauer af vitamin B12 i serum.<\/p>\n

2. Almindelige sygdomme med B12-vitaminmangel<\/strong>
\nMangel p\u00e5 B12-vitamin afspejles hovedsageligt i blodet, stofskiftet og nervesystemet, hvilket kan f\u00f8re til hyperhomocystein\u00e6mi (Hhcy), pernici\u00f8s an\u00e6mi, subakut kombineret degeneration, mental depression, methylmalonsyre\u00e6mi, vaskul\u00e6r demens og Alzheimers sygdom.<\/p>\n

3. B12-vitamin har relativt lav toksicitet.<\/strong>
\nIf\u00f8lge rapporten om daglig indtagelse af op til 100 \u03bcg er der ikke set nogen v\u00e6sentlige bivirkninger.
\nBem\u00e6rk: Ern\u00e6ringsstatus for B12-vitamin kan bestemmes ved at m\u00e5le koncentrationen af B12-vitamin i serum, holotranscobalamin II (holo Tc II) i serum, holobindende cochineal i serum, homocystein i serum og methylmalonsyre i serum.<\/p>\n

Referenceindtag og f\u00f8devarekilder<\/strong><\/p>\n

Menneskekroppen har brug for meget lidt B12-vitamin. Det anbefalede daglige indtag af B12-vitamin varierer fra 0,9 \u03bcg pr. dag i den tidlige barndom til 2,4 \u03bcg pr. dag i voksenalderen, hvilket er tilstr\u00e6kkeligt til at d\u00e6kke behovet hos 97,5% af befolkningen. RDA for gravide kvinder er 6 \u03bcg om dagen, og selvom RDA ikke er blevet \u00f8get for \u00e6ldre, er de tilb\u00f8jelige til malabsorption af B12-vitamin og r\u00e5des til at \u00f8ge deres indtag af B12-vitaminberigede f\u00f8devarer eller kosttilskud. Vores foresl\u00e5ede AI for B12-vitamin er 2,4 \u03bcg\/d for voksne.<\/p>\n

B12-vitamin i kosten stammer fra animalske f\u00f8devarer, hvor de vigtigste f\u00f8devarekilder er k\u00f8d, slagteaffald, fisk, fjerkr\u00e6, skaldyr og \u00e6g samt mindre m\u00e6ngder i m\u00e6lk og mejeriprodukter (Tabel 1). Plantef\u00f8devarer er stort set fri for B12-vitamin.<\/p>\n

Tabel 1 Indhold af B12-vitamin i udvalgte f\u00f8devarer (\u03bcg\/100g)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Note: Citeret i Ensminger AH et al. 1989.American Encyclopedia of Food and Nutrition Selected (5) Food Composition.<\/p>\n

B12-vitamin som n\u00e6ringsberigelse kan bruges i hvilke f\u00f8devarer<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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What is Vitamin B12 Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) is a water-soluble vitamin also known as cyanocobalamin, also known as animal protein factor, is a general term for a group of vitamins containing active substances similar to cyanocobalamin. It is the only water-soluble vitamin that contains metal ions and is one of the essential vitamins. The synthetic […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nWhat is Vitamin B12 for Nutritional Enrichment? - China Chemical Manufacturer<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/da\/vitamin-b12\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"da_DK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is Vitamin B12 for Nutritional Enrichment? - China Chemical Manufacturer\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What is Vitamin B12 Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) is a water-soluble vitamin also known as cyanocobalamin, also known as animal protein factor, is a general term for a group of vitamins containing active substances similar to cyanocobalamin. 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