{"id":3390,"date":"2024-04-16T08:28:19","date_gmt":"2024-04-16T08:28:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pharm.sinocurechem.com\/?p=3301"},"modified":"2024-04-16T08:28:19","modified_gmt":"2024-04-16T08:28:19","slug":"how-protionamides-breakthrough-mechanism-is-revolutionizing-tuberculosis-treatment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/da\/hvordan-protionamidernes-banebrydende-mekanisme-revolutionerer-tuberkulosebehandlingen\/","title":{"rendered":"Hvordan Protionamids banebrydende mekanisme revolutionerer tuberkulosebehandlingen!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 14.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">1.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 14pt;\">Oversigt<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid, ogs\u00e5 kendt som prothionamid, er et syntetisk antibakterielt middel, der h\u00f8rer til thioamidklassen af forbindelser.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Det bruges prim\u00e6rt til behandling af tuberkulose, is\u00e6r i tilf\u00e6lde, hvor patienten har udviklet resistens over for andre f\u00f8rsteklasses l\u00e6gemidler mod tuberkulose.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid er blevet brugt som andenvalgsbehandling eller alternativ behandling af multiresistent tuberkulose (MDR-TB) og ekstensivt l\u00e6gemiddelresistent tuberkulose (XDR-TB).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 14.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">2.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 14pt;\">Kemisk struktur og egenskaber<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo2;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">A.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Kemisk struktur<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid har molekylformlen C7H7N3S.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Den kemiske struktur best\u00e5r af en thiazolring (en femleddet heterocyklisk ring, der indeholder svovl og nitrogen) med en aminogruppe og en carbonylgruppe tilknyttet.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Thiazolringen, carbonylgruppen og aminogruppen er de vigtigste strukturelle tr\u00e6k, der bidrager til forbindelsens biologiske aktivitet og fysisk-kemiske egenskaber.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo2;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">B.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Fysiske og kemiske egenskaber<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Udseende: Hvidt til off-white krystallinsk pulver<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Molekylv\u00e6gt: 181,24 g\/mol<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Smeltepunkt: 159-162\u00b0C<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Kogepunkt: Ikke veldefineret (nedbrydes f\u00f8r kogning)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Opl\u00f8selighed: Opl\u00f8selig i vand, ethanol og andre pol\u00e6re organiske opl\u00f8sningsmidler<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Let opl\u00f8seligt i upol\u00e6re opl\u00f8sningsmidler som f.eks. ether og benzen<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Stabilitet: Relativt stabil under normale opbevaringsforhold, f\u00f8lsom over for lys og varme, som kan f\u00f8re til nedbrydning. Vandige opl\u00f8sninger kan v\u00e6re modtagelige for hydrolyse, is\u00e6r under sure eller basiske forhold.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Funktionelle grupper:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Thiazol-ring<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Carbonyl (C=O)-gruppe<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Prim\u00e6r aminogruppe (NH2)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Polaritet og ladning:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid er et pol\u00e6rt molekyle p\u00e5 grund af tilstedev\u00e6relsen af carbonyl- og aminogrupper.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Ved fysiologisk pH findes forbindelsen overvejende i sin neutrale, ikke-ioniserede form.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Spektroskopiske egenskaber:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">UV-Vis-absorption: Protionamid udviser absorptionsmaksima omkring 280-290 nm, som kan bruges til kvantitativ analyse.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">IR-spektroskopi: Karakteristiske absorptionsb\u00e5nd for carbonyl-, amino- og thiazolringen kan observeres.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">NMR-spektroskopi: 1H NMR- og 13C NMR-spektrene giver detaljerede oplysninger om forbindelsens struktur og renhed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 14.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">3.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 14pt;\">Virkningsmekanisme<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid er et prodrug, der kr\u00e6ver aktivering af bakterieenzymet EthA (Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase) for at ud\u00f8ve sin antibakterielle virkning.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Den aktiverede form af Protionamid interfererer med syntesen af mycolic syrer, som er essentielle komponenter i den bakterielle cellev\u00e6g.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Denne forstyrrelse af cellev\u00e6ggens integritet f\u00f8rer til h\u00e6mning af bakteriev\u00e6ksten og til sidst celled\u00f8d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 14.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">4.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 14pt;\">Aktivering af prodrug<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid er et prodrug, hvilket betyder, at det kr\u00e6ver metabolisk aktivering for at ud\u00f8ve sin antibakterielle virkning.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Aktiveringsprocessen involverer en enzymatisk omdannelse af protionamid af et mykobakterielt enzym kaldet EthA (Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">EthA er et flavin-adenin-dinukleotid (FAD)-afh\u00e6ngigt monooxygenaseenzym, der katalyserer den oxidative aktivering af protionamid.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">A.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Virkningsmekanisme<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 21.2500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">1.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">EthA-medieret aktivering:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">EthA-enzymet i Mycobacterium tuberculosis og andre mykobakterier er ansvarlig for aktiveringen af protionamid.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">EthA katalyserer oxidationen af thioamidgruppen i Protionamid og omdanner den til et reaktivt mellemprodukt.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Denne aktiverede form af protionamid menes at v\u00e6re det prim\u00e6re antibakterielle middel, der ud\u00f8ver sin virkning p\u00e5 de mykobakterielle celler.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 21.2500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">2.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">H\u00e6mning af mykolsyre-syntesen:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Den aktiverede form af Protionamid interfererer med syntesen af mykolsyrer, som er essentielle komponenter i den mykobakterielle cellev\u00e6g.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Mykolsyrer er langk\u00e6dede, forgrenede fedtsyrer, som er afg\u00f8rende for den strukturelle integritet og gennemtr\u00e6ngelighed af den mykobakterielle cellev\u00e6g.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Ved at forstyrre syntesen af disse vitale cellev\u00e6gskomponenter kompromitterer Protionamid integriteten af den mykobakterielle cellev\u00e6g, hvilket f\u00f8rer til celled\u00f8d eller v\u00e6ksth\u00e6mning.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 21.2500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">3.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">\u00c6ndring af cellul\u00e6r metabolisme:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Ud over den direkte effekt p\u00e5 mykolsyresyntesen kan den aktiverede form af protionamid ogs\u00e5 forstyrre andre cellul\u00e6re processer i mykobakterier.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Det er blevet foresl\u00e5et, at protionamid kan p\u00e5virke udtrykket eller aktiviteten af forskellige enzymer, der er involveret i lipidmetabolisme, energiproduktion og andre vigtige cellul\u00e6re funktioner.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Disse indirekte effekter p\u00e5 cellul\u00e6r metabolisme kan yderligere bidrage til den antimykotiske aktivitet af Protionamid.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">B.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Specificitet og resistens<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamids virkningsmekanisme er prim\u00e6rt rettet mod mykobakterier, is\u00e6r Mycobacterium tuberculosis, der er \u00e5rsag til tuberkulose.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Den EthA-medierede aktiveringsproces er et afg\u00f8rende trin i virkningsmekanismen, og mutationer eller \u00e6ndringer i EthA-enzymet kan f\u00f8re til resistens over for Protionamid.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Det er vigtigt at forst\u00e5 resistensmekanismerne, f.eks. mutationer i EthA-genet, for at kunne optimere brugen af protionamid til behandling af resistent tuberkulose.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Samlet set involverer den detaljerede virkningsmekanisme for Protionamid den EthA-medierede aktivering af prodrug, efterfulgt af forstyrrelse af mykolsyresyntesen og potentielt andre cellul\u00e6re processer, hvilket i sidste ende f\u00f8rer til h\u00e6mning af mykobakteriel v\u00e6kst og celled\u00f8d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 14.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">5.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 14pt;\">Terapeutiske anvendelser:<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Den prim\u00e6re anvendelse af Protionamid er til behandling af tuberkulose, is\u00e6r i tilf\u00e6lde, hvor patienten har udviklet resistens over for andre f\u00f8rsteklasses l\u00e6gemidler mod tuberkulose, s\u00e5som isoniazid og rifampicin.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Det bruges ofte i kombination med andre anti-tuberkulosemidler, s\u00e5som pyrazinamid, ethambutol og fluorquinoloner, for at \u00f8ge effekten af behandlingsregimet.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid kan ogs\u00e5 bruges til behandling af spedalskhed, en anden mykobakteriel infektion, i tilf\u00e6lde, hvor patienten har udviklet resistens over for standardbehandlinger af spedalskhed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">A.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Behandling af tuberkulose<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Den prim\u00e6re og mest etablerede anvendelse af Protionamid er til behandling af tuberkulose (TB), is\u00e6r i tilf\u00e6lde, hvor patienten har udviklet resistens over for andre f\u00f8rsteklasses l\u00e6gemidler mod tuberkulose.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid anvendes almindeligvis som andenvalgsbehandling eller alternativ behandling af multiresistent tuberkulose (MDR-TB) og ekstensivt l\u00e6gemiddelresistent tuberkulose (XDR-TB).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">I disse tilf\u00e6lde anvendes Protionamid typisk i kombination med andre antituberkulosemidler, s\u00e5som pyrazinamid, ethambutol og fluorquinoloner, for at skabe en mere effektiv og omfattende behandlingsregime.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">B.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Anvendelse ved multiresistent tuberkulose (MDR-TB):<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">MDR-TB er en form for tuberkulose, der er resistent over for mindst to af de mest effektive f\u00f8rstevalgs-anti-tuberkulosemedicin, isoniazid og rifampicin.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid har vist sig at v\u00e6re effektiv i behandlingen af MDR-TB, is\u00e6r i tilf\u00e6lde, hvor patienten ikke har reageret p\u00e5 eller tolereret andre anti-tuberkulosemidler i anden linje.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Inddragelse af protionamid i behandlingen af MDR-TB kan hj\u00e6lpe med at forbedre behandlingsresultaterne og \u00f8ge chancerne for en vellykket sygdomsh\u00e5ndtering.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">C.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Behandling af ekstensivt l\u00e6gemiddelresistent tuberkulose (XDR-TB):<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">XDR-TB er en endnu mere alvorlig form for l\u00e6gemiddelresistent tuberkulose, hvor stammen er resistent over for isoniazid og rifampicin samt enhver fluorquinolon og mindst en af de tre injicerbare andenlinjemedicin (amikacin, kanamycin eller capreomycin).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid er blevet anerkendt som en kritisk komponent i behandlingen af XDR-TB, da det kan bruges til at konstruere mere effektive og skr\u00e6ddersyede behandlingsregimer til disse vanskeligt behandlelige tilf\u00e6lde.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Verdenssundhedsorganisationen (WHO) har inkluderet protionamid i sine anbefalinger til behandling af XDR-TB og fremh\u00e6ver dermed dets betydning for h\u00e5ndteringen af denne globale folkesundhedsudfordring.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">D.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Behandling af spedalskhed:<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Selv om det er mindre almindeligt, er Protionamid ogs\u00e5 blevet brugt til behandling af spedalskhed, en anden mykobakteriel infektion for\u00e5rsaget af Mycobacterium leprae.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">I visse tilf\u00e6lde, is\u00e6r hvor patienten har udviklet resistens over for standardbehandling af spedalskhed, kan Protionamid anvendes som en alternativ eller supplerende behandlingsmulighed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Brugen af protionamid til spedalskhed er generelt begr\u00e6nset og kr\u00e6ver n\u00f8je overvejelse af patientens kliniske historie og de specifikke resistensm\u00f8nstre for den inficerende stamme.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">E.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Dosering og administration:<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid indgives typisk oralt, og doseringen bestemmes ud fra patientens v\u00e6gt, alder og det specifikke behandlingsregime.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Den anbefalede dosis af Protionamid kan variere, men det ordineres ofte i kombination med andre l\u00e6gemidler mod tuberkulose eller spedalskhed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Korrekt overv\u00e5gning af patientens respons p\u00e5 behandlingen samt eventuelle bivirkninger er afg\u00f8rende under behandlingen med Protionamid.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">F.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Myndighedsgodkendelser og retningslinjer:<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid er godkendt til behandling af tuberkulose i flere lande, herunder Indien, Rusland og nogle europ\u00e6iske lande.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Verdenssundhedsorganisationen (WHO) har medtaget protionamid p\u00e5 sin liste over essentielle l\u00e6gemidler til behandling af MDR-TB og XDR-TB i erkendelse af dets betydning for behandlingen af l\u00e6gemiddelresistent tuberkulose.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Nationale og internationale retningslinjer, f.eks. fra WHO og nationale TB-kontrolprogrammer, giver anbefalinger om brugen af protionamid i forskellige tuberkulosebehandlingsregimer.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 14.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">6.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 14pt;\">Farmakokinetik og dosering:<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid indgives typisk oralt, og den anbefalede dosis afh\u00e6nger af det specifikke behandlingsregime og patientens v\u00e6gt og alder.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">L\u00e6gemidlet absorberes godt fra mave-tarmkanalen, og de h\u00f8jeste plasmakoncentrationer n\u00e5s inden for 1-2 timer efter oral administration.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid oms\u00e6ttes prim\u00e6rt i leveren og udskilles gennem nyrerne med en halveringstid p\u00e5 ca. 2-3 timer.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">A.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Farmakokinetik<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">a.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Absorption<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid indgives typisk oralt, og det absorberes godt fra mave-tarmkanalen.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Efter oral indtagelse n\u00e5s de h\u00f8jeste plasmakoncentrationer typisk inden for 1-2 timer, hvilket indikerer en relativt hurtig absorption.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Den orale biotilg\u00e6ngelighed af Protionamid er rapporteret til at ligge i intervallet 60-80%, hvilket tyder p\u00e5 god absorption fra tarmen.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">b.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Distribution<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">N\u00e5r Protionamid er absorberet, fordeles det bredt i kroppen.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Det er i stand til at tr\u00e6nge ind i forskellige v\u00e6v og organer, herunder lungerne, hvor det kan n\u00e5 h\u00f8je koncentrationer.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid er kendt for at krydse blod-hjerne-barrieren, s\u00e5 det kan n\u00e5 ind i centralnervesystemet.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamids fordelingsvolumen ansl\u00e5s til at v\u00e6re omkring 1-2 l\/kg, hvilket indikerer en relativt omfattende fordeling.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">c.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Metabolisme og udskillelse<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid metaboliseres prim\u00e6rt i leveren, hvor det gennemg\u00e5r forskellige biotransformationsreaktioner.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Den vigtigste metaboliske vej involverer oxidativ deaminering af protionamid af enzymet EthA, det samme enzym, der er ansvarligt for aktiveringen af prodrug.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Andre metaboliske veje kan ogs\u00e5 v\u00e6re involveret, herunder konjugationsreaktioner og yderligere oxidationstrin.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamids metabolitter udskilles hovedsageligt gennem nyrerne med en rapporteret halveringstid p\u00e5 ca. 2-3 timer.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">B.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Dosering og administration<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo8;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">a.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Anbefalet dosering<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Den anbefalede dosis af Protionamid til behandling af tuberkulose varierer afh\u00e6ngigt af det specifikke behandlingsregime og patientens karakteristika.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Typiske doser til voksne ligger mellem 0,5 og 1 gram om dagen, som regel fordelt p\u00e5 to eller tre indtag.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Dosis kan justeres ud fra patientens v\u00e6gt, alder og kliniske respons p\u00e5 behandlingen.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo8;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">b.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Justering af dosis<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Hos patienter med nedsat lever- eller nyrefunktion kan det v\u00e6re n\u00f8dvendigt at neds\u00e6tte doseringen af Protionamid for at undg\u00e5 risikoen for \u00f8gede bivirkninger.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Omhyggelig overv\u00e5gning af lever- og nyrefunktion er n\u00f8dvendig under behandling med Protionamid, og dosis kan justeres i overensstemmelse hermed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">I tilf\u00e6lde af alvorlige bivirkninger eller intolerance kan det v\u00e6re n\u00f8dvendigt at reducere Protionamid-dosis midlertidigt eller afbryde behandlingen midlertidigt.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo8;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">c.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Administration<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid indtages typisk oralt, enten med eller uden mad.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Det er vigtigt at overholde den foreskrevne doseringsplan og ikke g\u00e5 glip af eller springe doser over, da det kan p\u00e5virke den samlede effektivitet af behandlingen.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">I nogle tilf\u00e6lde kan Protionamid anvendes i kombination med andre l\u00e6gemidler mod tuberkulose eller spedalskhed, hvor den specifikke dosering og administration tilpasses den enkelte patients behov.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo8;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">d.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 12pt;\">Farmakokinetiske overvejelser<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Den relativt korte halveringstid for Protionamid (2-3 timer) kan n\u00f8dvendigg\u00f8re flere daglige indgivelser for at opretholde terapeutiske l\u00e6gemiddelniveauer.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Faktorer som f\u00f8deindtagelse, samtidig medicinering og individuelle patientkarakteristika kan p\u00e5virke Protionamids farmakokinetik og kan kr\u00e6ve dosisjusteringer.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Terapeutisk l\u00e6gemiddeloverv\u00e5gning kan i nogle tilf\u00e6lde v\u00e6re en fordel for at sikre, at patientens Protionamid-niveauer er inden for det \u00f8nskede terapeutiske omr\u00e5de.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 14.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">7.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 14pt;\">Bivirkninger og forholdsregler<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Almindelige bivirkninger forbundet med Protionamid omfatter kvalme, opkastning, mavesmerter og hepatotoksicitet (levertoksicitet).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Det er n\u00f8dvendigt at overv\u00e5ge leverfunktionen n\u00f8je under behandlingen med Protionamid, og det kan v\u00e6re n\u00f8dvendigt at justere dosis eller afbryde behandlingen i tilf\u00e6lde af alvorlig leverskade.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Patienter med eksisterende lever- eller nyresygdomme kan have en h\u00f8jere risiko for bivirkninger og kr\u00e6ver t\u00e6ttere overv\u00e5gning.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 14.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">8.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 14pt;\">Lovgivningsm\u00e6ssig status og kliniske fors\u00f8g<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid er godkendt til behandling af tuberkulose i flere lande, herunder Indien, Rusland og nogle europ\u00e6iske lande.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Det er medtaget p\u00e5 Verdenssundhedsorganisationens liste over essentielle l\u00e6gemidler til behandling af MDR-TB og XDR-TB.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Den igangv\u00e6rende kliniske forskning unders\u00f8ger brugen af Protionamide i forskellige behandlingsregimer og udviklingen af nye formuleringer for at forbedre tolerancen og effekten.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; margin-left: 0.0000pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 0.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-weight: bold; font-size: 14.0000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">9.\u00a0<\/span><!--[endif]--><b><span style=\"font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 14pt;\">Produktion og forsyning<\/span><\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Protionamid fremstilles typisk gennem kemiske synteseprocesser, der involverer reaktion af 2-aminothiazol med forskellige reagenser.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Produktionen og leveringen af Protionamid kan v\u00e6re begr\u00e6nset til visse farmaceutiske virksomheder eller forskningsorganisationer, der har den n\u00f8dvendige produktionskapacitet og myndighedsgodkendelser.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-top: 7.8500pt; margin-bottom: 7.8500pt; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: 0.5000gd; mso-para-margin-left: 0.0000gd; text-indent: 21.0000pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000; text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; line-height: 18.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: 'yes'; font-family: \u5b8b\u4f53; font-size: 10.5000pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;\">Adgangen til Protionamid kan variere afh\u00e6ngigt af det specifikke land eller den specifikke region, da det afh\u00e6nger af tilg\u00e6ngeligheden og distributionskanalerne p\u00e5 de forskellige markeder.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1.\u00a0Overview Protionamide, also known as Prothionamide, is a synthetic antibacterial agent that belongs to the thioamide class of compounds. It is primarily used in the treatment of tuberculosis, particularly in cases where the patient has developed resistance to other first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs. Protionamide has been used as a second-line or alternative treatment option for multidrug-resistant [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How Protionamide&#039;s Breakthrough Mechanism is Revolutionizing Tuberculosis Treatment! - China Chemical Manufacturer<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/da\/hvordan-protionamidernes-banebrydende-mekanisme-revolutionerer-tuberkulosebehandlingen\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"da_DK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How Protionamide&#039;s Breakthrough Mechanism is Revolutionizing Tuberculosis Treatment! - China Chemical Manufacturer\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"1.\u00a0Overview Protionamide, also known as Prothionamide, is a synthetic antibacterial agent that belongs to the thioamide class of compounds. 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