{"id":10653,"date":"2026-03-10T09:19:50","date_gmt":"2026-03-10T09:19:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/brefeldin-a-cas-20350-15-6-comprehensive-guide-protein-transport-inhibitor\/"},"modified":"2026-03-10T09:19:50","modified_gmt":"2026-03-10T09:19:50","slug":"brefeldin-a-cas-20350-15-6-comprehensive-guide-protein-transport-inhibitor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/longchangextracts.com\/da\/brefeldin-a-cas-20350-15-6-comprehensive-guide-protein-transport-inhibitor\/","title":{"rendered":"Brefeldin A (CAS 20350-15-6): A Comprehensive Guide to This Protein Transport Inhibitor"},"content":{"rendered":"

Brefeldin A (BFA)<\/strong> is a powerful fungal metabolite that has become an indispensable tool in modern cell biology and cancer research. With the CAS registry number 20350-15-6<\/strong>, this macrocyclic lactone is produced by the fungus Penicillium brefeldianum<\/em> and has captured the attention of researchers worldwide for its unique ability to interfere with fundamental cellular processes.<\/p>

Originally discovered in the 1950s, Brefeldin A was initially investigated as a potential antibiotic. However, researchers soon realized that its true value lay not in clinical applications, but as a powerful research tool<\/strong> for understanding cellular protein transport mechanisms. Today, it is widely used in laboratories around the world to study intracellular trafficking, apoptosis, and various disease mechanisms.<\/p>

What is Brefeldin A?<\/h2>

Brefeldin A is a macrocyclic lactone with the molecular formula C16H24O4 and a molecular weight of 280.36 g\/mol. This white to off-white crystalline powder is produced by the fungus Penicillium brefeldianum<\/em> and is known by various alternative names including BFA, Ascotoxin, Cyanein, Decumbin, and Nectrolide.<\/p>

With a purity typically \u226598%, Brefeldin A is soluble in ethanol, DMSO, and methanol, making it suitable for various laboratory applications in cell biology research.<\/p>

Kemiske egenskaber<\/h2>
CAS-nummer<\/strong><\/td>20350-15-6<\/td><\/tr>
Molekyl\u00e6r formel<\/strong><\/td>C16H24O4<\/td><\/tr>
Molekylv\u00e6gt<\/strong><\/td>280.36 g\/mol<\/td><\/tr>
Udseende<\/strong><\/td>Hvidt til off-white krystallinsk pulver<\/td><\/tr>
Renhed<\/strong><\/td>\u226598%<\/td><\/tr>
Opl\u00f8selighed<\/strong><\/td>Ethanol, DMSO, Methanol<\/td><\/tr>
Alternative Names<\/strong><\/td>BFA, Ascotoxin, Cyanein, Decumbin, Nectrolide<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

Mechanism of Action: How Brefeldin A Works<\/h2>

The primary mechanism of Brefeldin A centers on its ability to inhibit protein transport<\/strong> from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus. This action occurs through several key pathways:<\/p>

1. Inhibition of ADP-Ribosylation Factor (ARF)<\/h3>

Brefeldin A works by inhibiting ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) GTPases<\/strong>, which are essential for recruiting coat proteins to cellular membranes. These coat proteins (specifically COPI) are necessary for forming transport vesicles that carry proteins from the ER to the Golgi.<\/p>

2. Disruption of Golgi Structure<\/h3>

When cells are treated with Brefeldin A, the Golgi apparatus rapidly disassembles and merges with the endoplasmic reticulum. This dramatic structural change provides researchers with a visual indicator of the compounds activity and allows for detailed studies of cellular organization.<\/p>

3. Induction of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress<\/h3>

By preventing protein transport, Brefeldin A causes proteins to accumulate in the ER, leading to ER stress<\/strong>. This stress triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR), which can ultimately lead to apoptosis<\/strong> (programmed cell death).<\/p>

Key Applications and Uses<\/h2>

1. Cell Biology Research<\/h3>

Brefeldin A is primarily used as a research tool<\/strong> in cell biology:<\/p>

  • Protein Transport Studies:<\/strong> Researchers use BFA to understand how proteins move within cells<\/li>
  • Golgi Function Analysis:<\/strong> The compound helps scientists study Golgi apparatus structure and function<\/li>
  • Vesicle Trafficking Research:<\/strong> BFA provides insights into how vesicles form and transport cellular cargo<\/li><\/ul>

    2. Cancer Research and Therapy<\/h3>

    One of the most promising applications of Brefeldin A is in cancer research<\/strong>:<\/p>

    • Apoptosis Induction:<\/strong> BFA induces apoptosis (cell death) in various cancer cell lines<\/li>
    • p53-Independent Action:<\/strong> Unlike many chemotherapeutic agents, BFA can induce apoptosis independently of p53 status, making it potentially useful for treating p53-mutant tumors<\/li>
    • Synergistic Effects:<\/strong> Studies show BFA can enhance the effects of other chemotherapy agents<\/li><\/ul>

      3. Antiviral Research<\/h3>

      Research has demonstrated that Brefeldin A exhibits antiviral properties<\/strong>:<\/p>

      • The compound can inhibit replication of various viruses<\/li>
      • It interferes with viral protein processing and transport<\/li>
      • BFA is used in antiviral drug development research<\/li><\/ul>

        4. Immunology Studies<\/h3>

        In immunological research, Brefeldin A is used to:<\/p>

        • Study cytokine secretion pathways<\/li>
        • Analyze immune cell function<\/li>
        • Investigate antigen presentation mechanisms<\/li><\/ul>

          5. CRISPR\/Cas9 Activation<\/h3>

          Recent research has revealed that Brefeldin A can serve as a CRISPR\/Cas9 activator<\/strong>, enhancing the efficiency of gene editing experiments.<\/p>

          Research Findings and Clinical Potential<\/h2>

          Anticancer Activity<\/h3>

          Multiple studies have demonstrated Brefeldin As potential anticancer properties:<\/p>

          • Prostate Cancer:<\/strong> BFA inhibits cell growth by targeting the cell cycle in prostate cancer cells<\/li>
          • Neuroendocrine Tumors:<\/strong> Research shows BFA induces apoptosis through caspase-3 activation<\/li>
          • Various Cancer Lines:<\/strong> Studies demonstrate cytotoxicity against multiple cancer cell lines<\/li><\/ul>

            ER Stress and Apoptosis<\/h3>

            The relationship between BFA-induced ER stress and apoptosis has been extensively studied:<\/p>

            • Protein accumulation in the ER triggers the unfolded protein response<\/li>
            • Prolonged ER stress leads to apoptotic cell death<\/li>
            • Mitochondrial pathways are involved in BFA-induced apoptosis<\/li><\/ul>

              Sikkerhed og h\u00e5ndtering<\/h2>

              Important Note:<\/strong> Brefeldin A is sold exclusively for research and laboratory purposes<\/strong>. It is not intended for diagnostic, therapeutic, or clinical applications in humans or animals.<\/p>

              Sikkerhedsforanstaltninger<\/h3>

              When handling Brefeldin A in a research setting:<\/p>

              • Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE)<\/li>
              • Work in a fume hood or biosafety cabinet<\/li>
              • Follow institutional safety guidelines<\/li>
              • Store according to manufacturer recommendations<\/li><\/ul>

                Opbevaring<\/h3>
                • Store at -20\u00b0C or below<\/li>
                • Protect from light<\/li>
                • Keep container tightly sealed<\/li><\/ul>

                  Why Choose Our Brefeldin A?<\/h2>
                  • High Purity:<\/strong> Our Brefeldin A meets or exceeds research grade specifications (\u226598%)<\/li>
                  • Quality Tested:<\/strong> Each batch is quality tested for purity and biological activity<\/li>
                  • Reliable Supply:<\/strong> Consistent availability for ongoing research needs<\/li>
                  • Technical Support:<\/strong> Our team of scientists is available to answer your questions<\/li>
                  • Competitive Pricing:<\/strong> Factory-direct pricing for research institutions<\/li><\/ul>

                    We serve pharmaceutical companies, contract manufacturers, and research institutions worldwide with premium chemical products and dedicated customer support.<\/p>

                    Ofte stillede sp\u00f8rgsm\u00e5l<\/h2>

                    What is the primary use of Brefeldin A?<\/h3>

                    The primary use of Brefeldin A is as a research tool<\/strong> in cell biology to study protein transport mechanisms. It is used extensively in laboratories to understand how proteins move within cells and to study cellular processes like apoptosis.<\/p>

                    How does Brefeldin A induce apoptosis?<\/h3>

                    Brefeldin A induces apoptosis by causing endoplasmic reticulum stress<\/strong> through the inhibition of protein transport. This leads to the accumulation of misfolded proteins, triggering the unfolded protein response and ultimately cell death.<\/p>

                    Is Brefeldin A safe for human use?<\/h3>

                    No. Brefeldin A is research-grade only<\/strong> and not approved for human or animal therapeutic use. It is a potent compound that can cause significant cellular effects and should only be used by trained researchers in appropriate laboratory settings.<\/p>

                    What concentration of Brefeldin A is typically used?<\/h3>

                    In cell culture experiments, typical working concentrations range from 0.1 to 10 \u03bcg\/mL<\/strong>, depending on the specific application and cell type. Researchers should optimize conditions for their specific experiments.<\/p>

                    Does Brefeldin A work on all cell types?<\/h3>

                    The effects of Brefeldin A can vary between different cell types. Some cells are more sensitive to BFA-induced apoptosis than others, and the response can depend on factors like p53 status and cellular stress response pathways.<\/p>Disclaimer:<\/strong> This article is for informational purposes only and is intended for research and educational use. Brefeldin A is not for human or animal diagnostic or therapeutic use.<\/em>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    Brefeldin A (BFA) is a powerful fungal metabolite that has become an indispensable tool in modern cell biology and cancer research. With the CAS registry number 20350-15-6, this macrocyclic lactone is produced by the fungus Penicillium brefeldianum and has captured the attention of researchers worldwide for its unique ability to interfere with fundamental cellular processes. 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