Standards maintain the order of the world

National standards, industry standards, local standards, group standards, enterprise standards

What is the difference between these standards?

How do we prioritize the standards we choose?

This article makes you no longer troubled ~

Full of dry goods to learn!

Standards: According to the definition of the Standardization Law of the People’s Republic of China, standards refer to the technical requirements that need to be unified in the fields of agriculture, industry, service industry and social undertakings. Standards include national standards, industry standards, local standards, group standards and enterprise standards. So, what exactly is the difference between these standards?

National Standards

National standards are standards adopted and publicly released by state agencies. National standards of the People’s Republic of China refers to the standards that are of great significance to the economic and technological development of China and must be unified nationwide. National standards should be formulated for technical requirements that need to be unified nationwide. National standards are applicable nationwide, and other standards at all levels shall not conflict with national standards.

Once the national standards are issued, and its duplication of industry standards, local standards shall be abolished accordingly, the national standards are the main body of the standard system. National standards are divided into mandatory national standards and recommended national standards.

Mandatory national standards

Is to protect personal health and safety of life and property, national security, ecological and environmental security, as well as to meet the basic needs of economic and social management of technical requirements.

Mandatory national standards code: GB + space + national standards issued by the order of the number + national standards issued by the number of years

Recommended national standards
Recommended national standards are technical requirements to meet the needs of basic general, matching with mandatory national standards, and play a leading role in various related industries. In order to adapt to the rapid development of standards in certain areas and the need for rapid change, the 1998 regulations in addition to the four levels of standards, adding a “national standardization guidance technical documents” as a supplement to the national standards.

Recommended national standard code: GB/T, national standardization guiding technical documents code: GB/Z.

Industry Standard

Industry standards refer to the technical requirements that need to be standardized in a certain industry in the country without the recommended national standards. Industry standard is a supplement to the national standard, which is a unified standard in a certain industry in the national scope. Industry standards should be abolished after the implementation of the corresponding national standards.

In the past, there were also mandatory and recommended industry standards, but in the latest version of the Standardization Law, which came into effect on January 1, 2018, mandatory industry standards have been removed.

The code names of industry standards are different for each industry, for example, the code name of the industry standard for the communications industry is YD, and the code name of the industry standard for the electronics industry is SJ.

Local Standard

Local standards refer to the standards adopted and publicly released in a region of the country. If there are no national standards and industry standards, and the need to meet local natural conditions, customs and other special technical requirements, you can develop local standards.

Local standards are prepared by the administrative department for standardization of the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government to prepare plans, organize drafting, unified approval, numbering, release, and reported to the administrative department for standardization of the State Council and the State Council administrative departments concerned for the record. Local standards are applicable in the administrative region. In the corresponding national standards or industry standards, local standards should be abolished.

Local standards code for “DB” plus provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central administrative code, such as Shandong code for 37.

Group standard

Group standard is established by the group in accordance with the group standard-setting procedures independently developed and released by the community to voluntarily adopt the standard. Social organizations can formulate group standards in the absence of national standards, industry standards and local standards, to quickly respond to innovation and market demand for standards, and fill the gaps in existing standards. The state encourages social organizations to formulate group standards that are stricter than national standards and industry standards, to lead the development of industries and enterprises, and to enhance the market competitiveness of products and services.

Group standard number

Group standard number consists of group standard code (T), social organization code, group standard sequence number and chronological number. The social group code in the group standard number should be legal and unique, and should not be duplicated with the existing standard code, and should not be duplicated with the existing social group code on the national group standard information platform.

For example, the group standard T/CAS 287-2017 “Technical Specification for the Evaluation of the Intelligence Level of Household Refrigerators” issued by the China Association for Standardization, and the group standard T/CHEAA 0001-2017 “Intelligent Home Appliances Cloud Interconnection Standard” issued by the China Household Electrical Appliances Association.

Which standard should be implemented?
Usually we choose the standard in the following order: national standard → line standard → group standard. When there are national standards and standards, the national standards and standards are preferred, and when there are no national standards and standards, the society can independently formulate group standards. However, when there are national standards and standards, the group standards must be higher than the national standards and standards, and the group standards with indicators lower than the national standards and standards are invalid.