Perilla is the first batch of medicinal plants announced by the Ministry of Health, which is rich in α-linolenic acid, flavonoids, phenols, pigments and other biologically active substances.

Perilla leaves can be used for sweating and relieving symptoms; Perilla stalks and perilla pockets can relieve stagnation of qi in the spleen and stomach, chest congestion and vomiting; Perilla pockets are especially effective in relieving fish and crab poison.

China from the early 1990s began to study perilla, research products are health care functions perilla oil, perilla oil capsules, perilla leaf juice health drinks, perilla carotene and so on.

Perilla nutritional food development

As perilla is rich in α-linolenic acid, which has the effect of brain-health and intelligence, so perilla oil has been the hot spot of research. In addition to perilla oil, researchers study the perilla products mainly in the following ways: First, the perilla leaves as raw materials into drinks, leaf powder, preserves, etc.; Second, the perilla seeds as raw materials, after frying, peeling, grinding into perilla kernel powder, but also can not be made without peeling process into the preparation of preparation with the skin, the production of premixed powders, pastries and food.

1. The development of perilla leaves as raw materials

Perilla beverage: Perilla leaves as the main raw material, with honey, acidity regulator, etc. can be made with certain health functions of natural drinks; can also be made with aloe vera, cactus and other raw materials into a unique flavor, with nutritional and health functions of the composite beverage [2].

Zhang Zhijun studied the preparation method of perilla vinegar drink, perilla leaves mixed with water pulping, adding pectinase insulation, and then add vitamin C and chitin, high-speed shear processing to get perilla juice; and then mixed with vinegar, honey, water, after homogenization and degassing, sterilization and other processes to make perilla vinegar drink. Has a good flavor and rich nutritional value and health functions.

Another Mao Wenyue developed perilla brain drink, industrialized production method is to clean up the perilla seeds poured into the frying machine, the temperature of 200 ~ 250 ℃, time 5 ~ 10 min. drying to room temperature and then crushed in addition to the seed coat, the seed kernel soaked in water (add water 2 ~ 4 times) 1 ~ 2 hours, with a colloid mill grinding. Add other ingredients, filling is ready. The health effect of α-linolenic acid in perilla seeds is fully utilized.

Perilla milk drink: 30% milk addition, 30% perilla leaf juice, 5% sucrose, 2% honey of perilla leaf milk drink studied by Changxin Lu was homogenized, sterilized, and then made by adding compound stabilizers and compound emulsifiers [3].

In order to reduce the general use of fresh perilla leaves as raw materials, the limitations of the product mainly in liquid form, Yang Chunmei studied the perilla nutritional chewable tablets with salted perilla leaves suitable for long-term storage, vitamin C as the acidulant, and low-energy sweeteners as the auxiliary ingredients, which enriched the chewable tablets market.

Perilla Wine: Ren Wenbin made Perilla Plum Wine with red Perilla leaves, green plums and granulated sugar, which has delicious sour flavor, plum and Perilla aroma, and has the effect of calming the spirit, sweating and diuretic, stomachic and promoting digestion. In addition, he developed perilla cantaloupe wine with dried perilla leaves, and the finished perilla cantaloupe fruit wine is deep red, with a clear and bright appearance, unique flavor and stable quality. Xu Haizhen researched the perilla, wolfberry, rice wine preparation wine, aroma, mellow and sweet, refreshing.

2.Products made from perilla seeds as raw materials

Zhang Chuanzhi studied perilla seeds, perilla seeds degreasing, ultra-micro crushing, extrusion modification, to produce high-quality perilla powder, through the optimization of blending, perilla meal powder addition of 5%, its powder characteristics have no significant impact.

The use of fine bread flour produced perilla bread with perilla flavor, improving the nutritional health functions of the bread, but also has the unique fragrant odor of perilla seeds. Pan Yan uses low-gluten flour as the main raw material, adding spicy polygonum, perilla meal, licorice, sugar, bread improver, butter and other auxiliary ingredients to produce spicy polygonum, perilla meal bread.

Perilla sauce, perilla soy sauce, add a variety of perilla seasoning is also the main research results in recent years.

Single Zhenghong studied a variety of modified perilla oil meal jam and its preparation method, the first extraction of different kinds of flower juice and jam mixed with perilla oil meal, put in the role of ultrasound environment. Ultrasonic waves have the effect of extracting plant flavor and making the ingredients mix more evenly. These inventions in the traditional perilla oil meal process to improve, give full play to the perilla oil meal aromatic characteristics, not only flavor chic, but also has a certain health benefits.

Perilla as a food additive research

Perilla extract has a broader spectrum of bacteriostatic inhibition, can better inhibit the common bacteria, molds and yeast in food. As a natural preservative can be used for food preservation.

The essential oil of Perilla is extracted from Perilla leaves, which can also effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria. Perilla as a preservative has the characteristics of microdosage and high safety, China’s folk has long been the practice of perilla leaves into the kimchi altar to inhibit the growth of white membrane, Gao applied perilla aldehyde in the preservation of meat products, and found that it can effectively reduce microbial growth, the effect is good, and it can be used in the food industry instead of chemically synthesized preservatives.

Research on the use of perilla for health food

Perilla seed oil is the recommended cooking oil for hypertensive patients, added to children’s food can prevent asthma and other diseases, and Rhodiola rosea root block powder compounded into capsules, with lower blood pressure, blood lipids, hypoxia, anti-fatigue, regulating the human body immune system, delaying human aging effect, and the medicinal properties of warm, effective, low side effects. Perilla essential oil has the effect of delaying aging, known as “liquid gold”, has been prepared into capsules for the production of health products.

Conclusion

Researchers have made full use of perilla contains pigments, terpenes, phenolic substances, fatty acids and flavonoids and other active ingredients, with which a variety of nutritious food products have been developed, and perilla series products are worthy of in-depth study.