The prickly five plus for the five plus family five plus genus plants, also known as five plus ginseng, tiger nails, prickly stick, prickly needle and so on. It is mainly distributed in the northeast of China, North China, Hebei and Shanxi, Hokkaido, North Korea, South Korea, Russia and other places in the Far East.

Main Active Ingredients

The main chemical components of Siberian cherry are glycosides, polysaccharides and flavonoids, but also contain coumarins, fatty acids, volatile oils, amino acids and trace elements. Cao Xianlan found that the roots and rhizomes of Sophora japonica mainly contain seven kinds of glycosides, namely, carotenoside A, lilac phenol glycoside B, 7-hydroxy-6,8-dimethylcoumarin glucoside B1, ethylgalactoside C, lilac resin phenol diglycosides D and E, and L-sesquiterpene.

RuizhanChen et al. extracted the polysaccharide ASP I 2-1 from S. spicata and determined that its structure contained rhamnose, xylose, glucose, mannose, arabinose, galactose and glucuronic acid.

Maolian Chen et al. used electrospray mass spectrometry to find the presence of four flavonoids, quercetin, chrysin, quercetin and rutin, in the leaves of Acanthopanax.

Xie Hongbing found eight mineral elements such as Ca, Cu, Mg, Fe, Zn, K, Mn and Na in the roots, stems and leaves of Acanthopanax.

Pharmacological effects of Acanthopanax

A large number of studies and experiments have shown that Acanthopanax can enhance the body’s non-specific defenses, not only can regulate immunity, anti-tumor, anti-radiation, anti-fatigue and so on, but also the treatment of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and neurasthenia and other symptoms.

Lin et al. found that Acanthopanax polysaccharides can activate B cells and macrophage activity, inhibit the production of intracellular peroxides to reduce tumor necrosis factor, and increase interleukin-10 activity.

Wu Liqun et al. found that Acanthopanax ginseng glycoside B can significantly improve myoglycogen, hepatic glycogen and other indicators, reduce serum malondialdehyde, lactic acid and other content, accelerate the removal of metabolic substances, delay the onset of fatigue Shuo. BaoEnShan et al. found that Acanthopanax ginseng can make the structure of the cervical cancer cells change, inhibit the growth of cancer cells, so that the surface of the cancer cells become rough, so as to achieve the role of inhibition of the growth of cancer cells. Effects.

HuangDB et al. found that the extract of Sophora japonica was able to reduce the activity of tumor necrosis factor and enhance the synthesis of immunoglobulin, which could achieve the purpose of anticancer by regulating the immunity of lung cancer patients.

Ho-ShanNiu et al. injected the lilac glucoside from Siberian cherry into diabetic rats and found that lilac glucoside was able to increase the content of hepatic glycogen in rats and decrease the blood glucose level, thus achieving the therapeutic effect of diabetes mellitus.

YoungminBu et al. found that the extract of Echinacea purpurea could reduce the volume of cerebral infarction, inhibit cerebral ischemic inflammation and neuroglial activity to play a neuroprotective role.

YongjinPan et al. found that the saponins of Acanthopanax can significantly increase the activity of senescent nerve cells, enhance the stability of the cell membrane, reduce the activity of lactate dehydrogenase, so that the damage to the nerve cells is significantly reduced, and slow down the aging of neuronal cells.

Xu Shanchu observation found that Sentinel injection can prolong the survival time of mice under normobaric and low-pressure hypoxic conditions, reduce myocardial oxygen consumption, improve stress capacity, and protect hypoxic myocardium.

Development and application of Sophora vulgaris

In medicine, Sophora vulgaris is a traditional precious medicinal plant in China, and more other drugs have been developed with Sophora vulgaris as raw material, such as Sophora vulgaris injection, Sophora vulgaris tablets, and tranquilizing and brain tonic tablets. In recent years, on the basis of the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, medical workers have been carrying out planned research work in various aspects, such as resource distribution, identification of raw drugs, biochemical pharmacology, chemical composition and clinical application.

Food, with its berries as raw materials to develop the prickly five plus wine, drinks, fruit cake and other products. Dandong five plus company has developed “Sen Sen” brand five plus dry red, five plus red nutritional wine, five plus alcohol wine, five plus fruit tea, five plus bitter tea, five plus juice drinks and other six new products.

Zhang Ping used hot extraction method to get the root of Siberian cherry as raw material, and then after blending, filtration, ultra-high temperature instantaneous sterilization and other processes, made a clarified and transparent, with the Siberian cherry unique wood and tea drinks.

Zhao Xu with Acanthopanax berries and cinnamon as raw materials, according to the Acanthopanax concentrate and cinnamon ratio of 1:4, sugar 4%, citric acid 0.1% of the ratio of modulation into a composite beverage with health care functions.

Zhao Jianxu with Siberian cherry fresh leaves and cow’s milk as the main raw materials, lactic acid fermentation made of lactic acid fermented beverages by lactic acid, to determine the optimal production process parameters for the 0.4% CMC-Na, Siberian cherry extract 9%, 35% of fresh cow’s milk, 3% of white granulated sugar.

Ma Xiu to prickly pear leaves, fresh milk as the main raw material, according to 0.2 ‰ xanthan gum, 0.3 ‰ carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, 0.3 ‰ PGA, 20% of prickly pear juice, 7% sugar, 3% of the ratio of milk powder to develop a prickly pear health yogurt.

Niu Guangcai developed a curdled Acanthopanax yogurt with Acanthopanax juice and fresh cow’s milk as the main raw materials, in which the optimal formula is 5% sucrose, 0.02% pectin, 0.03% gelatin and 0.02% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the optimal fermentation conditions are inoculum quantity of 4%, and the fermentation temperature is 42 ℃.

Li Jian used crushed japonica rice as raw material, Aspergillus oryzae as saccharification agent, inoculated with sake yeast and then fermented, and the resulting sake was used as the alcohol base, together with the Acanthopanax spp. juice extracted by ultrasonic-assisted technology, and blended together to produce Acanthopanax spp. health wine. Zhang Yusong made the tea with mellow flavor and sweet aftertaste by sorting the fresh leaves, cooling and shriveling, killing at high temperature, kneading, drying and shaping, and packaging and storing.

He Wenbing to Prickly Wujia berries as raw materials, research the best production formula of Prickly Wujia cake, that is, sugar 37.9%, citric acid 2.95%, xanthan gum 2.1%, sodium alginate 2.1%, agar 1.58%, the product is unique organizational state, sweet and sour, with Prickly Wujia unique odor.

Application prospect and outlook of Acanthopanax

China’s Siberian cherry is rich in resources, has great potential for development, its berries in the soluble solids composition is high, the rind contains a large number of pigments, VC and other antioxidants, added to the juice can be maintained in an attractive purple-red color, and at the same time can be dried and crushed Siberian cherry, mixed with other food products, to enhance its color and health effects, made of Siberian cherry punch, Siberian cherry capsules and other new products.

China’s Siberian cherry is rich in resources, but mainly concentrated in the roots and stems, while the research and product development of Siberian cherry fruit are relatively few. Therefore, more efforts should be made to develop Sophora japonica products to meet the market demand, and at the same time, guide the consumers correctly, broaden the market channels, and create favorable conditions for the development of Sophora japonica application research.