What are the nutrients and applications of Job’s tears?

Job’s tear grains are the seed kernels of Coix lacryma, a dual-use plant of the gramineae family, which has high nutritional value and unique medicinal value. In recent years, with the popularity of health food, in foreign countries, especially in Japan, the development of Job’s tears food is more in-depth and extensive, the use of Job’s tears to produce a lot of health food, such as medicinal wines, beverages, flavored sauces, fast food powder and so on. China has also done a lot of research and development work.
Job’s nutritional composition
Carbohydrates Job’s tears in the six nutrients complete, carbohydrates for Job’s tears in the main energy-supplying substances, the content of about 65%, second only to rice, wheat, corn and other cereal crops, the main component of which is starch, particle size uniformity, the shape is more regular, most of the ellipse or truncated oval, the starch granules of the crystalline structure of the A-type, more difficult to paste, lower transparency, poor thermal stability, but cold paste, the stability is strong, easy to be digested by the human body, and the crystallization structure of the A-type, more difficult to paste, low transparency, poor thermal stability. Stability is strong, easy to be digested by the human body, can reduce the burden on the stomach and intestines, is good for strengthening the body.
Protein protein content of about 17%, exists in the endosperm cells between the starch granules, of which 20% of the protein is divided into three major categories, namely, serum proteins, and gluten proteins, alcohol soluble proteins, and the rest of the protein. Job’s tears in the protein content than in the rice and noodles in the protein content are high, with important nutritional value, but also has an important health care function.
18 kinds of amino acids are relatively complete, of which the essential amino acids are about 4.99%, 100g protein essential amino acids were 0.5g tryptophan, lysine 1.9g, methionine 2.6g, phenylalanine 4.9g, threonine 3.0g, valine 5.7g, leucine 13.6, isoleucine 3.9g and the proportion is in line with the needs of the body, and the seed kernel of the glutamic acid content of the higher. It belongs to the characteristic amino acid of presenting fresh flavor, and glutamic acid is an important amino acid in the biochemical metabolism of brain tissue, so the barley protein belongs to high quality protein.
The fat content is about 5%, nearly 30 times higher than that of rice, which is mainly neutral fat (triacylglycerol ester >90%, triglyceride about 5%), and there are two kinds of oleosin subunits (H-oleosin, L-oleosin) and one kind of oleosin-calcineurin.
After the fat of Job’s tears was processed and analyzed for its chemical composition using GC-MS technology, it was found that Job’s tears had a high content of unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid and linoleic acid, which accounted for 51.6% and 32.2% of the total fatty acids, respectively. These unsaturated fatty acids have the functions of relieving excessive cholesterol in the blood, enhancing the membrane permeability of cells, preventing the aging of cardiac muscle tissue, and preventing atherosclerosis.
Trace elements in addition to the most basic three major energy substances, Job’s tears also contain a variety of essential trace elements, such as Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Zn, etc., of which Ca, Mg content is higher, respectively, up to 749.00, 1193.60ug / g. The content of Ca and Mg is higher, respectively, up to 749.00, 1193.60ug / g. The content of Ca and Mg can prevent and control cramps, bone and bone fractures.
Ca can prevent and control cramps, osteoporosis, etc.; Zn can activate the SOD in the human body, so it can remove the peroxides that cause aging of the human body; Mg and Fe are the basic biochemical reactions of the body’s many cells of the essential substances, and the Mg content of the rice than the 2-3 times higher. Job’s seed vitamin species is relatively small, mainly vitamin B, and a small amount of VE, of which VB1 0.25 mg/100g., VB2 0.18 mg/100g., VB3 4.80 mg/100g, with smooth skin, reduce wrinkles, eliminate blemishes and other cosmetic effects, of which VB1 can also cure foot fungus, reduce the inflammation of the skin and other reactions.
Job’s tears in the application of food
Puffed food
The milled white barley with germ is washed with water and soaked for a short period of time to make its water content reach 20%-25%, and then put into the dryer and dried under the temperature of 70℃-120℃ to reduce the water content to 12%-15%, at this time, the alpha degree of barley is 10-20%, and the dried barley is put into the tempering tank.
Put 30% of the modulated barley and 55% of the polished rice, 10% of the refined corn and 5% of the seasoning into the blender, after mixing and homogenizing, send it into the puffer, heating, extrusion, puffing treatment that is granular or stick puffed food at this time the starch contained in various raw materials completely α.
Job’s tears cookies will be fine milled barley after washing and drying, the use of pulverizer for crushing, and then put the barley powder into the casserole lightly baked, and then put into the steamer.
The steamed barley powder was taken out of the pot and cooled down, and when the product temperature was reduced to about 35℃, the seed curd was added and stirred well.
Put the barley powder mixed with seed quartz into small containers, put it into the quartz room, and under the temperature of about 38℃, make the barley powder all quartz (the surface is yellowish-green) after 7-8 hours, and then take it out from the quartz room to make it ripe, put it for about 5 hours, dry it at 90℃ with a dryer, and pulverize it.
Mix 70% barley flour with 30% medium power wheat flour, add appropriate amount of sugar, grease and water, mix at 37℃ for 30 minutes using a dough machine, and then wake up for 40 minutes.
After the rise, after pressing, modeling, put into the oven, baked at 320 ℃ for 4 minutes, after baking in the cookie surface spraying 12-14% edible fat, after cooling is the finished barley cookies.
Job’s tears biscuit recipe: skin: wheat flour 500g, sugar 150g, sunflower oil 150g, soybean isolate protein 150g, ammonium bicarbonate 5g.
Filling: cooked flour 125g, sugar 30g, sunflower oil 100g, peanut and sesame seed powder total 150g, barley powder 25, vitamin E 27.5g.
Production: according to the recipe of the skin in the pasta machine first add sugar, soybean isolate protein and the right amount of water, mix well and then add oil, mix well, add flour for mixing, mix well and then take out the dough rolled into long strips, divided into small pieces, flattened, wrapped in the filling that has been mixed and flattened, put into the baking dish, soybean isolate protein and sugar mixed at the ratio of 10:1, brush the surface, at a temperature of 180 ° C, bake! Bake at 180℃ for 10 minutes, and then cool down to be the finished product.
Job’s tears lactic acid drink will be 1 kg of barley powder, add 10 liters of water, mix well and then heated to 90 ° C, maintained for 30 minutes for sterilization, and then cooled to 75 ° C, add 5 g of α-amylase enzyme is fully mixed, enzyme digestion for 40 minutes, after filtration of 8 liters of filtrate, this filtrate contains about 8.27% of the solids, add water to dilute to 5% of solids, take the diluted solution of 10 liters, add skimmed milk powder 500g, lactose 500g, sugar 500g, fully dissolved at a temperature of 80 ℃, and then add 3% of the agar 800 ml, sterilized at a temperature of 80 ℃ for 30 minutes, cooled to 30 ℃, inoculated with lactobacillus bacteria liquid 600 ml, stirred well, loaded into yogurt bottles, closed package earned, fermented at 37 ℃ for 20 hours, so that the acidity of 0.8%, that is, the finished product of Job’s tears sour milk drink.
Other food using barley and rice as the main raw material, after saccharification, alcohol fermentation, can be made of barley wine with health effects; the use of baked barley powder, wheat flour and boiled soybean through natural fermentation, can be obtained cheese-like food; in addition, the barley powder soaked and concentrated, can be made after barley dip juice powder, as a handful of raw materials for food processing, such as barley coffee drinks, easy soluble barley milk powder products and so on.